Languages: Vietnamese-3
Basic Data
| ID | Vietnamese-3 |
|---|---|
| Name | Vietnamese |
| Latitude | 10.5 |
| Longitude | 106.5 |
| Glottolog | viet1252 |
| Family | Austroasiatic |
| Dataset | wold |
| Concepts | 1338 |
| Forms | 1438 |
Colexification Network
Colexification Table (443 instances found, see Colexification Table)
| Source | Target | Colexifier | Colexified |
|---|---|---|---|
| WATER | WATERFALL | n ɨː k ⁴⁵ | tʰ aː k ⁴⁵ n ɨː k ⁴⁵ |
| BURNING | BURN (SOMETHING) | c ai̯ ⁴⁵ | ɗ o k ⁴⁵ c ai̯ ⁴⁵ |
| MALE PERSON | MARRIED MAN | ɗ aː ŋ ²¹ ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ | ɗ aː ŋ ²¹ ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ k ɔː ⁴⁵ v əː ²¹² |
| WOMAN | MARRIED WOMAN | ɗ aː ŋ ²¹ ɓ aː ²¹ | ɗ aː ŋ ²¹ ɓ aː ²¹ k ɔː ⁴⁵ c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| FATHER | FATHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ v əː ²¹² |
| FATHER | FATHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| MOTHER | MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | m ɛː ²¹² | m ɛː ²¹² v əː ²¹² |
| MOTHER | MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | m ɛː ²¹² | m ɛː ²¹² c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| MOTHER | STEPMOTHER | m ɛː ²¹² | m ɛː ²¹² g ɛː ²¹⁴ |
| DAUGHTER | STEPDAUGHTER | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| FISH | FISHNET | k aː ⁴⁵ | l ɨːi̯ ⁴⁵ ɗ a n ⁴⁵ k aː ⁴⁵ |
| FISH | FISH POISON | k aː ⁴⁵ | tʰ uː k ⁴⁵ ɗ ɔ kp ²¹² c ɔː ³³ k ɔː ŋ ³³ k aː ⁴⁵ |
| FISH | WHALE | k aː ⁴⁵ | k aː ⁴⁵ v ɔːi̯ ³³ |
| ANT | ANTEATER | k iː ŋ ⁴⁵ | lʷ aːi̯ ²¹ tʰ u ⁴⁵ ʔ a ŋ ³³ k iː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| NOSE | NOSTRIL | m ui̯ ²¹⁴ | l oː ²¹⁴ m ui̯ ²¹⁴ |
| SHOULDER | SHOULDERBLADE | v aːi̯ ³³ | s ɨː ŋ ³³ v aːi̯ ³³ |
| ARM | BRACELET | t ai̯ ³³ | v ɔ ŋm ²¹ t ai̯ ³³ |
| HAND | GLOVE | t ai̯ ³³ | ɓ aːu̯ ³³ t ai̯ ³³ |
| KNIFE (FOR EATING) | RAZOR | j aːu̯ ³³ | j aːu̯ ³³ k aːu̯ ²¹² |
| POTATO | SWEET POTATO | xʷ aːi̯ ³³ | xʷ aːi̯ ³³ l aː ŋ ³³ |
| SHOE | SHOEMAKER | j ai̯ ²¹ | tʰ əː ²¹² ɗ ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ j ai̯ ²¹ |
| HOUSE | GARDEN-HOUSE | ɲ aː ²¹ | ɲ aː ²¹ v ɨː ŋ ²¹ |
| HOUSE | MEETING HOUSE | ɲ aː ²¹ | ɲ aː ²¹ tʰ əː ²¹ |
| DOOR | DOORPOST | k ɨə ²¹⁴ | j ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ k ɨə ²¹⁴ |
| BRICK | ADOBE | g a t ²¹² | g a t ²¹² s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| GARDEN | GARDEN-HOUSE | v ɨː ŋ ²¹ | ɲ aː ²¹ v ɨː ŋ ²¹ |
| TREE | TREE TRUNK | k əi̯ ³³ | g ɔ kp ⁴⁵ k əi̯ ³³ |
| KNIFE | RAZOR | j aːu̯ ³³ | j aːu̯ ³³ k aːu̯ ²¹² |
| AXE | BATTLE-AXE | r iu̯ ²¹ | r iu̯ ²¹ c iː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| TWO | TWICE | h aːi̯ ³³ | h aːi̯ ³³ l ə ŋ ²¹ |
| THREE | THREE TIMES | ɓ aː ³³ | ɓ aː ³³ l ə ŋ ²¹ |
| TEN | FIFTEEN | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ l a m ³³ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | FRIDAY | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ s au̯ ⁴⁵ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | MONDAY | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ h aːi̯ ³³ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | SATURDAY | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ ɓ ai̯ ²¹⁴ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | THURSDAY | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ n a m ³³ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | TUESDAY | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ ɓ aː ³³ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | WEDNESDAY | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ t ɨ ³³ |
| STONE | REEF | ɗ aː ⁴⁵ | ɗ aː ⁴⁵ ŋ ə m ²¹ |
| PERSON | SERVANT | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ʔ əː ²¹⁴ |
| PERSON | STRANGER | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ l aː ²¹² |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | BOY | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | GRANDSON | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | c au̯ ⁴⁵ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | NEPHEW | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | c au̯ ⁴⁵ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | SON | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | GIRL | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | BOY | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | GIRL | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| HUSBAND | MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | c ɔ ŋm ²¹ | m ɛː ²¹² c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| FATHER | PARENTS | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ m ɛː ²¹² |
| MOTHER | PARENTS | m ɛː ²¹² | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ m ɛː ²¹² |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | DAUGHTER | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ j əu̯ ³³ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ j əu̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | SON | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | SON-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ r eː ²¹⁴ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | SON-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ r eː ²¹⁴ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | STEPDAUGHTER | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | STEPSON | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | WOMB | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | j aː ²¹² k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| GRANDMOTHER | GRANDPARENTS | ɓ aː ²¹ | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ ɓ aː ²¹ |
| SPIDER | SPIDER WEB | ɲ əː n ²¹² | m aː ŋ ²¹² ɲ əː n ²¹² |
| BEE | BEEHIVE | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ | t oː ²¹⁴ ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| BEE | BEESWAX | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ | s aː p ⁴⁵ ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| BONE | SPINE | s ɨː ŋ ³³ | s ɨː ŋ ³³ s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| EAR | EARLOBE | t aːi̯ ³³ | ʈ aːi̯ ⁴⁵ t aːi̯ ³³ |
| EAR | EARRING | t aːi̯ ³³ | hʷ aː ³³ t aːi̯ ³³ |
| DRINK | BEVERAGE | ʔ uː ŋ ⁴⁵ | ɗ oː ²¹ ʔ uː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| PLATE | SAUCER | ɗ iə ²¹⁴ | ɗ iə ²¹⁴ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| FAT (ORGANIC SUBSTANCE) | OINTMENT | m əː ²¹⁴ | tʰ uː k ⁴⁵ m əː ²¹⁴ |
| MILK | DRAW MILK | s ɨə ²¹⁴ | v a k ⁴⁵ s ɨə ²¹⁴ |
| EGG | NIT | ʈ ɨ ŋ ⁴⁵ | ʈ ɨ ŋ ⁴⁵ c əi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| EGG | YOLK | ʈ ɨ ŋ ⁴⁵ | l ɔ ŋm ²¹ ɗ ɔː ²¹⁴ ʈ ɨ ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| HOUSE | COOKHOUSE | ɲ aː ²¹ | ɲ aː ²¹ ɓ eː p ⁴⁵ |
| STOVE | FIREPLACE | l ɔː ²¹ | l ɔː ²¹ s ɨːi̯ ²¹⁴ |
| RICE | THRESHING-FLOOR | l uə ⁴⁵ | s ə ŋ ³³ ɗ ə p ²¹² l uə ⁴⁵ |
| DO | WORK (LABOUR) | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ v iː k ²¹² |
| FLOW | DRIBBLE | c ai̯ ²¹⁴ | c ai̯ ²¹⁴ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ j ɔː k ²¹² |
| GO OUT | SWEAT (PERSPIRE) | r aː ³³ | r aː ³³ m oː ²¹ h oːi̯ ³³ |
| GIVE | LEND | c ɔː ³³ | c ɔː ³³ v ai̯ ³³ |
| BORROW | LEND | v ai̯ ³³ | c ɔː ³³ v ai̯ ³³ |
| END (OF SPACE) | LAST (FINAL) | k uːi̯ ⁴⁵ | k uːi̯ ⁴⁵ k u ŋm ²¹ |
| ONE | ELEVEN | m o k ²¹² | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ m o k ²¹² |
| TWO | SECOND | h aːi̯ ³³ | tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ h aːi̯ ³³ |
| TWO | TWELVE | h aːi̯ ³³ | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ h aːi̯ ³³ |
| TWO | TWENTY | h aːi̯ ³³ | h aːi̯ ³³ m ɨːi̯ ³³ |
| THREE | THIRD | ɓ aː ³³ | tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ ɓ aː ³³ |
| TEN | ELEVEN | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ m o k ²¹² |
| TEN | TWELVE | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ | m ɨːi̯ ²¹ h aːi̯ ³³ |
| LEARN | PUPIL (STUDENT) | h ɔ kp ²¹² | h ɔ kp ²¹² s ɨ n ³³ |
| LEARN | SCHOOL | h ɔ kp ²¹² | ʈ ɨː ŋ ²¹ h ɔ kp ²¹² |
| STUDY | PUPIL (STUDENT) | h ɔ kp ²¹² | h ɔ kp ²¹² s ɨ n ³³ |
| STUDY | SCHOOL | h ɔ kp ²¹² | ʈ ɨː ŋ ²¹ h ɔ kp ²¹² |
| NO | NEVER | x ɔ ŋm ³³ | x ɔ ŋm ³³ ɓ aːu̯ ³³ j əː ²¹ |
| MASTER | HOST | c u ²¹⁴ | c u ²¹⁴ ɲ aː ²¹ |
| SWEAR | OATH | tʰ eː ²¹ | l əːi̯ ²¹ tʰ eː ²¹ |
| NOT | NEVER | x ɔ ŋm ³³ | x ɔ ŋm ³³ ɓ aːu̯ ³³ j əː ²¹ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | DAY (24 HOURS) | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ɓ aː ŋ ³³ ŋ ai̯ ²¹ |
| MAKE | WORK (LABOUR) | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ v iː k ²¹² |
| GIRL | STEPDAUGHTER | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | WOMB | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | j aː ²¹² k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| SON | STEPSON | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| FISH | FIN | k aː ⁴⁵ | v əi̯ ³³ k aː ⁴⁵ |
| SKIN | PULL OFF (SKIN) | j aː ³³ | l o k ²¹² j aː ³³ |
| FINGER | THUMB | ŋ ɔː ŋ ⁴⁵ t ai̯ ³³ | ŋ ɔː ŋ ⁴⁵ t ai̯ ³³ k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| LEG | ANKLE | c ə ŋ ³³ | k oː ²¹⁴ c ə ŋ ³³ |
| LEG | FOOT | c ə ŋ ³³ | ɓ aː ŋ ²¹ c ə ŋ ³³ |
| BE ALIVE | LIFE | s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ | k uː k ²¹² s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| GRASS | PASTURE | k ɔː ²¹⁴ | ɗ ɔ ŋm ²¹ k ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| ROAD | PATH | ɗ ɨː ŋ ²¹ | ɗ ɨː ŋ ²¹ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| HOLE | NOSTRIL | l oː ²¹⁴ | l oː ²¹⁴ m ui̯ ²¹⁴ |
| ARM | ELBOW | t ai̯ ³³ | xʷ iu̯ ²¹⁴ t ai̯ ³³ |
| HAND | FINGER | t ai̯ ³³ | ŋ ɔː ŋ ⁴⁵ t ai̯ ³³ |
| HAND | FINGERNAIL | t ai̯ ³³ | m ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ t ai̯ ³³ |
| HAND | WRIST | t ai̯ ³³ | k oː ²¹⁴ t ai̯ ³³ |
| WE (INCLUSIVE) | WE (EXCLUSIVE) | t aː ³³ | c u ŋm ⁴⁵ t aː ³³ |
| BIRD | EAGLE | c i m ³³ | c i m ³³ ɗ aːi̯ ²¹² ɓ aː ŋ ²¹ |
| GO | WALK | ɗ i ³³ | ɗ i ³³ ɓ oː ²¹² |
| SMOKE (EXHAUST) | CHIMNEY | x ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ | ʔ ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ x ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| BOY | STEPSON | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | SIBLING | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | SIBLING | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | c i ²¹² | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | c i ²¹² | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | c i ²¹² | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | c i ²¹² | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | c i ²¹² | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | c i ²¹² | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | SOW (FEMALE PIG) | k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | l əː ŋ ²¹² k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| PIG | BOAR (MALE PIG) | l əː ŋ ²¹² | l əː ŋ ²¹² r ɨ ŋ ²¹ |
| PIG | SOW (FEMALE PIG) | l əː ŋ ²¹² | l əː ŋ ²¹² k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| HEAD | SKULL | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ ʔ ɔ kp ⁴⁵ |
| TOOTH | MOLAR TOOTH | r a ŋ ³³ | r a ŋ ³³ h aː m ²¹ |
| NECK | COLLAR | k oː ²¹⁴ | k oː ²¹⁴ ʔ aːu̯ ⁴⁵ |
| ARM | GLOVE | t ai̯ ³³ | ɓ aːu̯ ³³ t ai̯ ³³ |
| ARM | PALM OF HAND | t ai̯ ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ²¹ ɓ aː ŋ ²¹ t ai̯ ³³ |
| ARM | RAG | t ai̯ ³³ | x a ŋ ³³ t ai̯ ³³ |
| LEG | CALF OF LEG | c ə ŋ ³³ | ɓ a p ⁴⁵ c ə ŋ ³³ |
| LEG | FOOTPRINT | c ə ŋ ³³ | j əu̯ ⁴⁵ c ə ŋ ³³ |
| DISH | SAUCER | ɗ iə ²¹⁴ | ɗ iə ²¹⁴ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| MEAL | BREAKFAST | ɓ ɨə ²¹⁴ ʔ a ŋ ³³ | ɓ ɨə ²¹⁴ ʔ a ŋ ³³ s aː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| MEAL | DINNER (SUPPER) | ɓ ɨə ²¹⁴ ʔ a ŋ ³³ | ɓ ɨə ²¹⁴ ʔ a ŋ ³³ t oːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| HOUSE | HOST | ɲ aː ²¹ | c u ²¹⁴ ɲ aː ²¹ |
| HOUSE | ROOF | ɲ aː ²¹ | m aːi̯ ⁴⁵ ɲ aː ²¹ |
| DOOR | LATCH | k ɨə ²¹⁴ | c o k ⁴⁵ k ɨə ²¹⁴ |
| DOOR | WINDOW | k ɨə ²¹⁴ | k ɨə ²¹⁴ s oː ²¹⁴ |
| MAKE | SHAKE | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ r u ŋm ³³ |
| DO | SHAKE | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ r u ŋm ³³ |
| IRON | HELMET | s a k ⁴⁵ | m u ²¹⁴ s a k ⁴⁵ |
| SPEAK | STUTTER | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ l a p ⁴⁵ |
| BIRD | FEATHER | c i m ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ³³ c i m ³³ |
| FIRE | FLAME | l ɨə ²¹⁴ | ŋ ɔː ŋ ²¹² l ɨə ²¹⁴ |
| ARM | WRIST | t ai̯ ³³ | k oː ²¹⁴ t ai̯ ³³ |
| HAND | ELBOW | t ai̯ ³³ | xʷ iu̯ ²¹⁴ t ai̯ ³³ |
| WIFE | MARRIED MAN | v əː ²¹² | ɗ aː ŋ ²¹ ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ k ɔː ⁴⁵ v əː ²¹² |
| FATHER | STEPFATHER | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ j ɨː ŋ ²¹² |
| BIRD | VULTURE | c i m ³³ | c i m ³³ k əː n ²¹ k əː n ²¹ |
| WASP | BEEHIVE | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ | t oː ²¹⁴ ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| ALCOHOL (FERMENTED DRINK) | MEAD | r ɨːu̯ ²¹² | r ɨːu̯ ²¹² m ə k ²¹² ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| IRON | ARMOUR | s a k ⁴⁵ | v ɔː ²¹⁴ s a k ⁴⁵ |
| SIT | CROUCH | ŋ oːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ oːi̯ ²¹ s oː m ²¹⁴ |
| NEAR | APPROACH | g ə ŋ ²¹ | ɗ əː n ⁴⁵ g ə ŋ ²¹ |
| SAY | LIE (MISLEAD) | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ j oːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| SAY | STUTTER | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ l a p ⁴⁵ |
| EAT | STEAL | ʔ a ŋ ³³ | ʔ a ŋ ³³ k a p ⁴⁵ |
| OLD MAN | WIDOWER | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ gʷ aː ⁴⁵ v əː ²¹² |
| MALE (OF ANIMAL) | BULL | ɗ ɨ k ²¹² | ɓ ɔː ²¹ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| MALE (OF ANIMAL) | MALE GOAT | ɗ ɨ k ²¹² | j eː ³³ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| MALE (OF ANIMAL) | RAM | ɗ ɨ k ²¹² | k ɨu̯ ²¹ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| MALE (OF ANIMAL) | STALLION | ɗ ɨ k ²¹² | ŋ ɨə ²¹² ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | MARE | k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | ŋ ɨə ²¹² k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| SHEEP | LAMB | k ɨu̯ ²¹ | k ɨu̯ ²¹ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| SHEEP | RAM | k ɨu̯ ²¹ | k ɨu̯ ²¹ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| GOAT | MALE GOAT | j eː ³³ | j eː ³³ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| GOAT | YOUNG GOAT (KID) | j eː ³³ | j eː ³³ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| FISH | FISHERMAN | k aː ⁴⁵ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ɓ a k ⁴⁵ k aː ⁴⁵ |
| BONE | RIB | s ɨː ŋ ³³ | s ɨː ŋ ³³ s ɨː ŋ ²¹ |
| FACE | VEIL | m a k ²¹² | m aː ŋ ²¹² c ɛː ³³ m a k ²¹² |
| HAND | PALM OF HAND | t ai̯ ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ²¹ ɓ aː ŋ ²¹ t ai̯ ³³ |
| LEG | TOE | c ə ŋ ³³ | ŋ ɔː ŋ ⁴⁵ c ə ŋ ³³ |
| POTATO | YAM | xʷ aːi̯ ³³ | xʷ aːi̯ ³³ l aː ŋ ³³ |
| HEADGEAR | HELMET | m u ²¹⁴ | m u ²¹⁴ s a k ⁴⁵ |
| LOCK | KEY | xʷ aː ⁴⁵ | c iə ²¹ xʷ aː ⁴⁵ |
| TREE | VINE | k əi̯ ³³ | k əi̯ ³³ ɲ ɔː ³³ |
| SALTY | BRACKISH | m a ŋ ²¹² | h əːi̯ ³³ m a ŋ ²¹² |
| WIFE | WIDOWER | v əː ²¹² | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ gʷ aː ⁴⁵ v əː ²¹² |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | LAMB | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɨu̯ ²¹ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| FISH | FISH TRAP | k aː ⁴⁵ | ɓ əi̯ ²¹⁴ k aː ⁴⁵ |
| HAIR (BODY) | EYELASH | l ɔ ŋm ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ³³ m i ³³ |
| BONE | COLLARBONE | s ɨː ŋ ³³ | s ɨː ŋ ³³ ɗ ɔː ŋ ²¹ |
| HEAD | SURRENDER | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ h aː ŋ ²¹ |
| NECK | WRIST | k oː ²¹⁴ | k oː ²¹⁴ t ai̯ ³³ |
| HAND | BRACELET | t ai̯ ³³ | v ɔ ŋm ²¹ t ai̯ ³³ |
| FUR | EYELASH | l ɔ ŋm ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ³³ m i ³³ |
| HOUSE | PRISON | ɲ aː ²¹ | ɲ aː ²¹ t u ²¹ |
| TABLE | ALTAR | ɓ aː ŋ ²¹ | ɓ aː ŋ ²¹ tʰ əː ²¹ |
| BEAM | RIDGEPOLE | s aː ²¹ | s aː ²¹ n ɔ kp ⁴⁵ |
| GRASS | HAY | k ɔː ²¹⁴ | k ɔː ²¹⁴ x oː ³³ |
| ROPE | FISHING LINE | j əi̯ ³³ | j əi̯ ³³ k əu̯ ³³ |
| MONEY | COIN | t iː ŋ ²¹ | ɗ ɔ ŋm ²¹ t iː ŋ ²¹ |
| MONEY | WAGES | t iː ŋ ²¹ | t iː ŋ ²¹ k ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| WHICH | WHEN | n aːu̯ ²¹ | x i ³³ n aːu̯ ²¹ |
| TRAP (PITFALL) | FISH TRAP | ɓ əi̯ ²¹⁴ | ɓ əi̯ ²¹⁴ k aː ⁴⁵ |
| BONE | SHOULDERBLADE | s ɨː ŋ ³³ | s ɨː ŋ ³³ v aːi̯ ³³ |
| COOKED | UNRIPE | c ɨ n ⁴⁵ | c ɨə ³³ c ɨ n ⁴⁵ |
| RIPE | UNRIPE | c ɨ n ⁴⁵ | c ɨə ³³ c ɨ n ⁴⁵ |
| OVEN | BAKE | l ɔː ²¹ | ɓ ɔː ²¹⁴ l ɔː ²¹ |
| MEAL | LUNCH | ɓ ɨə ²¹⁴ ʔ a ŋ ³³ | ɓ ɨə ²¹⁴ ʔ a ŋ ³³ ʈ ɨə ³³ |
| OATH | PERJURY | l əːi̯ ²¹ tʰ eː ²¹ | s ɨ ²¹² f aː ŋ ²¹⁴ ɓ oːi̯ ²¹² l əːi̯ ²¹ tʰ eː ²¹ |
| ARM | FINGER | t ai̯ ³³ | ŋ ɔː ŋ ⁴⁵ t ai̯ ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | BABY | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ɓ ɛː ⁴⁵ |
| BLUE | GREEN | s a n ³³ | s a n ³³ l aː ⁴⁵ k əi̯ ³³ |
| MOSQUITO | SANDFLY | m uːi̯ ²¹⁴ | m uːi̯ ²¹⁴ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| HEAD | BEGIN | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ | ɓ a k ⁴⁵ ɗ əu̯ ²¹ |
| BEAD | NECKLACE | h aː k ²¹² | c uːi̯ ²¹⁴ h aː k ²¹² |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | STEPSON | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| DRY | HAY | x oː ³³ | k ɔː ²¹⁴ x oː ³³ |
| FISH | STINGRAY | k aː ⁴⁵ | k aː ⁴⁵ ɗ uːi̯ ⁴⁵ g aːi̯ ³³ ɗ ɔ kp ²¹² |
| FLOUR | DOUGH | ɓ o k ²¹² | ɓ o k ²¹² ɲ aːu̯ ²¹ |
| MAKE | HOLLOW OUT | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ r ɔ ŋm ²¹⁴ |
| DO | HOLLOW OUT | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ r ɔ ŋm ²¹⁴ |
| PULL | STRETCH | k ɛːu̯ ⁴⁵ | k ɛːu̯ ⁴⁵ j aːi̯ ²¹ r aː ³³ |
| HAVE | SMELL (STINK) | k ɔː ⁴⁵ | k ɔː ⁴⁵ m ui̯ ²¹ |
| MONEY | PAY | t iː ŋ ²¹ | ʈ aː ²¹⁴ t iː ŋ ²¹ |
| CHARCOAL | EMBERS | tʰ aː ŋ ³³ | tʰ aː ŋ ³³ h ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| MALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNG MAN | ʈ aːi̯ ³³ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ɓ aː ŋ ²¹² ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | DAY AFTER TOMORROW | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ k iə ³³ |
| HORSE | STALLION | ŋ ɨə ²¹² | ŋ ɨə ²¹² ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| MAKE | COPULATE | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ t ɨ n ²¹ |
| DO | COPULATE | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ t ɨ n ²¹ |
| POUR | CAST | ɗ oː ²¹⁴ | ɗ oː ²¹⁴ x uː ŋ ³³ |
| STONE | PRECIPICE | ɗ aː ⁴⁵ | v a t ⁴⁵ ɗ aː ⁴⁵ |
| MAKE | BREAK (BREAKING) | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ v əː ²¹⁴ |
| MAKE | BREAK (CLEAVE) | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ v əː ²¹⁴ |
| DO | BREAK (BREAKING) | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ v əː ²¹⁴ |
| DO | BREAK (CLEAVE) | l aː m ²¹ | l aː m ²¹ v əː ²¹⁴ |
| HUSBAND | MARRIED WOMAN | c ɔ ŋm ²¹ | ɗ aː ŋ ²¹ ɓ aː ²¹ k ɔː ⁴⁵ c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | COUSIN | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ h ɔː ²¹² |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | COUSIN | ʔ a n ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ h ɔː ²¹² |
| SIBLING | COUSIN | ʔ a n ³³ c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ | ʔ a n ³³ c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ h ɔː ²¹² |
| HAND | RAG | t ai̯ ³³ | x a ŋ ³³ t ai̯ ³³ |
| AXE | ADZE | r iu̯ ²¹ | r iu̯ ²¹ l ɨːi̯ ²¹⁴ v ɔː m ²¹ |
| PERSON | BEGGAR | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ʔ a ŋ ³³ m ai̯ ²¹ |
| PERSON | FISHERMAN | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ɓ a k ⁴⁵ k aː ⁴⁵ |
| PERSON | WITNESS | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ c ɨ ŋ ⁴⁵ k iː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | GRANDDAUGHTER | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c au̯ ⁴⁵ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c i ²¹² ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | ʔ ɛː m ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | COW | k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | ɓ ɔː ²¹ k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | EWE | k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | k ɨu̯ ²¹ k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| SHEEP | EWE | k ɨu̯ ²¹ | k ɨu̯ ²¹ k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| HORSE | MARE | ŋ ɨə ²¹² | ŋ ɨə ²¹² k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| DOG | WOLF | c ɔː ⁴⁵ | c ɔː ⁴⁵ s ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FISH | SHARK | k aː ⁴⁵ | k aː ⁴⁵ m ə p ²¹² |
| OVEN | FIREPLACE | l ɔː ²¹ | l ɔː ²¹ s ɨːi̯ ²¹⁴ |
| GRIND | MILL | s ai̯ ³³ | m ai̯ ⁴⁵ s ai̯ ³³ |
| SEW | TAILOR | m ai̯ ³³ | tʰ əː ²¹² m ai̯ ³³ |
| SHOE | BOOT | j ai̯ ²¹ | j ai̯ ²¹ ʔ ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| DOOR | ARCH | k ɨə ²¹⁴ | k ɨə ²¹⁴ t ɔː ²¹ v ɔː ²¹ |
| PLOUGH | FURROW | k ai̯ ²¹ | l uː ŋ ⁴⁵ k ai̯ ²¹ |
| THING | ORNAMENT | ɗ oː ²¹ | ɗ oː ²¹ ʈ aː ŋ ³³ ʈ i ⁴⁵ |
| SMALL | PATH | ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ | ɗ ɨː ŋ ²¹ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| GHOST | DEMON | m aː ³³ | m aː ³³ w u ²¹⁴ |
| I | WE (INCLUSIVE) | t oːi̯ ³³ | c u ŋm ⁴⁵ t oːi̯ ³³ |
| ONE | ALONE | m o k ²¹² | m o k ²¹² m ɨ n ²¹ |
| THOU | YOU | m ai̯ ²¹ | k aː k ⁴⁵ m ai̯ ²¹ |
| HORSE | FOAL | ŋ ɨə ²¹² | ŋ ɨə ²¹² k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| HIGH | HIGH TIDE | k aːu̯ ³³ | ʈ iːu̯ ²¹ k aːu̯ ³³ |
| TALL | HIGH TIDE | k aːu̯ ³³ | ʈ iːu̯ ²¹ k aːu̯ ³³ |
| DEFEND | GUARD | ɓ aːu̯ ²¹⁴ v eː ²¹² | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ɓ aːu̯ ²¹⁴ v eː ²¹² |
| ONE | SOME | m o k ²¹² | m o k ²¹² v aːi̯ ²¹ |
| SPEAK | LIE (MISLEAD) | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ | n ɔːi̯ ⁴⁵ j oːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| PERSON | HERDSMAN | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ c a ŋ ³³ s u kp ⁴⁵ v ə k ²¹² |
| CHICKEN | HEN | g aː ²¹ | g aː ²¹ m aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CHICKEN | ROOSTER | g aː ²¹ | g aː ²¹ ʈ ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| BEE | MEAD | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ | r ɨːu̯ ²¹² m ə k ²¹² ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| PUBIC HAIR | EYELASH | l ɔ ŋm ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ³³ m i ³³ |
| EAT | FOOD | ʔ a ŋ ³³ | ɗ oː ²¹ ʔ a ŋ ³³ |
| RICE | GRAIN | l uə ⁴⁵ | tʰ ɔ kp ⁴⁵ l uə ⁴⁵ |
| OAR | PADDLE | c ɛːu̯ ²¹ | m aːi̯ ⁴⁵ c ɛːu̯ ²¹ |
| HAVE | GUILTY | k ɔː ⁴⁵ | k ɔː ⁴⁵ f aː m ²¹² |
| HAVE | PREGNANT | k ɔː ⁴⁵ | k ɔː ⁴⁵ m aː ŋ ³³ |
| THING | FOOD | ɗ oː ²¹ | ɗ oː ²¹ ʔ a ŋ ³³ |
| GIVE | SHOW | c ɔː ³³ | c ɔː ³³ s ɛː m ³³ |
| LOOK FOR | FIND | t i m ²¹ | t i m ²¹ tʰ əi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| EDGE | BESIDE | ɓ əː n ³³ | ɓ əː n ³³ k a n ²¹² |
| EAST | WINTER | ɗ ɔ ŋm ³³ | m uə ²¹ ɗ ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | DAUGHTER | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| WIFE | FATHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | v əː ²¹² | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ v əː ²¹² |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | BABY | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ɓ ɛː ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | CALF | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | ɓ ɔː ²¹ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | FOAL | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | ŋ ɨə ²¹² k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | GIRL | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | YOUNG GOAT (KID) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | j eː ³³ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| HEAD | HEADBAND OR HEADDRESS | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ | ɓ a ŋ ³³ ɓ uː k ²¹² ɗ əu̯ ²¹ |
| HEAD | KNEE | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ g oːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FLAT | PLAIN | ɓ a ŋ ²¹ | ɗ ɔ ŋm ²¹ ɓ a ŋ ²¹ |
| SEASON | AUTUMN | m uə ²¹ | m uə ²¹ tʰ u ³³ |
| SEASON | SPRINGTIME | m uə ²¹ | m uə ²¹ sʷ ə ŋ ³³ |
| SEASON | SUMMER | m uə ²¹ | m uə ²¹ h ɛː ²¹² |
| SEASON | WINTER | m uə ²¹ | m uə ²¹ ɗ ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| ARM | FINGERNAIL | t ai̯ ³³ | m ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ t ai̯ ³³ |
| SKY | SUN | ʈ əːi̯ ²¹ | m a k ²¹² ʈ əːi̯ ²¹ |
| LAND | CAPE | ɗ ə k ⁴⁵ | m ui̯ ²¹⁴ ɗ ə k ⁴⁵ |
| EARTH (SOIL) | CAPE | ɗ ə k ⁴⁵ | m ui̯ ²¹⁴ ɗ ə k ⁴⁵ |
| NOSE | CAPE | m ui̯ ²¹⁴ | m ui̯ ²¹⁴ ɗ ə k ⁴⁵ |
| FORGE | BLACKSMITH | r ɛː ŋ ²¹ | tʰ əː ²¹² r ɛː ŋ ²¹ |
| FEMALE (OF PERSON) | NIECE | g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | c au̯ ⁴⁵ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FISH | DOLPHIN | k aː ⁴⁵ | k aː ⁴⁵ h ɛːu̯ ³³ m ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| EAT | MEAL | ʔ a ŋ ³³ | ɓ ɨə ²¹⁴ ʔ a ŋ ³³ |
| CIRCLE | BRACELET | v ɔ ŋm ²¹ | v ɔ ŋm ²¹ t ai̯ ³³ |
| CATTLE | OX | ɓ ɔː ²¹ | ɓ ɔː ²¹ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| LEAF | TOBACCO | l aː ⁴⁵ | tʰ uː k ⁴⁵ l aː ⁴⁵ |
| SIDE | BESIDE | ɓ əː n ³³ | ɓ əː n ³³ k a n ²¹² |
| SMALL | SAUCER | ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ | ɗ iə ²¹⁴ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | BOY | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | THUMB | k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ | ŋ ɔː ŋ ⁴⁵ t ai̯ ³³ k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| EAT | ABSTAIN FROM FOOD | ʔ a ŋ ³³ | ʔ a ŋ ³³ k iː ŋ ³³ |
| PLANT (SOMETHING) | CULTIVATE | ʈ ɔ ŋm ²¹ | ʈ ɔ ŋm ²¹ ʈ ɔː k ²¹² |
| COPPER | COIN | ɗ ɔ ŋm ²¹ | ɗ ɔ ŋm ²¹ t iː ŋ ²¹ |
| MONEY | FINE (PENALTY) | t iː ŋ ²¹ | t iː ŋ ²¹ f aː k ²¹² |
| PAIR | TWINS | ɗ oːi̯ ³³ | s ɨ n ³³ ɗ oːi̯ ³³ |
| SEA | SEAGULL | ɓ iː ŋ ²¹⁴ | m ɔ ŋm ²¹ ɓ iː ŋ ²¹⁴ |
| RAW | ADOBE | s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ | g a t ²¹² s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| WIFE | MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | v əː ²¹² | m ɛː ²¹² v əː ²¹² |
| SKIN | LEATHER | j aː ³³ | j aː ³³ tʰ uː k ²¹² |
| SICK | CURE | ɓ əː n ²¹² | c ɨə ²¹⁴ ɓ əː n ²¹² |
| TOWEL | RAG | x a ŋ ³³ | x a ŋ ³³ t ai̯ ³³ |
| RICE | WHEAT | l uə ⁴⁵ | l uə ⁴⁵ m i ²¹ |
| SELL | TRADE OR BARTER | ɓ aː ŋ ⁴⁵ | ɓ uː ŋ ³³ ɓ aː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| CATTLE | SCORPION | ɓ ɔː ²¹ | ɓ ɔː ²¹² k aː p ²¹² |
| BE BORN | TWINS | s ɨ n ³³ | s ɨ n ³³ ɗ oːi̯ ³³ |
| HUSBAND | WIDOW | c ɔ ŋm ²¹ | ɓ aː ²¹ gʷ aː ⁴⁵ c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| HAIR (BODY) | FEATHER | l ɔ ŋm ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ³³ c i m ³³ |
| THREE | TUESDAY | ɓ aː ³³ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ ɓ aː ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | LAMB | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɨu̯ ²¹ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | YOUNG GOAT (KID) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | j eː ³³ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| MALE (OF ANIMAL) | OX | ɗ ɨ k ²¹² | ɓ ɔː ²¹ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| COME | APPROACH | ɗ əː n ⁴⁵ | ɗ əː n ⁴⁵ g ə ŋ ²¹ |
| FOREST | BOAR (MALE PIG) | r ɨ ŋ ²¹ | l əː ŋ ²¹² r ɨ ŋ ²¹ |
| HOW | WHY | s aːu̯ ³³ | t aːi̯ ²¹² s aːu̯ ³³ |
| TREE | GREEN | k əi̯ ³³ | s a n ³³ l aː ⁴⁵ k əi̯ ³³ |
| CATTLE | BULL | ɓ ɔː ²¹ | ɓ ɔː ²¹ ɗ ɨ k ²¹² |
| CATTLE | CALF | ɓ ɔː ²¹ | ɓ ɔː ²¹ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| CATTLE | COW | ɓ ɔː ²¹ | ɓ ɔː ²¹ k aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| PERSON | GUARD | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ɓ aːu̯ ²¹⁴ v eː ²¹² |
| HUSBAND | FATHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | c ɔ ŋm ²¹ | ɓ oː ⁴⁵ c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| GRANDFATHER | GRANDPARENTS | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ | ʔ ɔ ŋm ³³ ɓ aː ²¹ |
| SICK | DISEASE | ɓ əː n ²¹² | ɓ əː n ²¹² t ə k ²¹² |
| FRUIT | NUT | w aː ²¹⁴ | w aː ²¹⁴ h a t ²¹² |
| TROUSERS | CLOTHES | w ə ŋ ²¹ | w ə ŋ ²¹ ʔ aːu̯ ⁴⁵ |
| COLD | COAT | l a n ²¹² | ʔ aːu̯ ⁴⁵ l a n ²¹² |
| BECAUSE | WHY | t aːi̯ ²¹² | t aːi̯ ²¹² s aːu̯ ³³ |
| STOVE | BAKE | l ɔː ²¹ | ɓ ɔː ²¹⁴ l ɔː ²¹ |
| GO | SAIL | ɗ i ³³ | ɗ i ³³ t au̯ ²¹ tʰ ui̯ ²¹⁴ |
| SHIP | SAIL | t au̯ ²¹ tʰ ui̯ ²¹⁴ | ɗ i ³³ t au̯ ²¹ tʰ ui̯ ²¹⁴ |
| BRAIN | SKULL | ʔ ɔ kp ⁴⁵ | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ ʔ ɔ kp ⁴⁵ |
| GIVE BACK | PAY | ʈ aː ²¹⁴ | ʈ aː ²¹⁴ t iː ŋ ²¹ |
| PERSON | YOUNG MAN | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ | ŋ ɨːi̯ ²¹ ɓ aː ŋ ²¹² ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| HEAD | FIRST | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ | ɗ əu̯ ²¹ t iː ŋ ³³ |
| GRANDMOTHER | WIDOW | ɓ aː ²¹ | ɓ aː ²¹ gʷ aː ⁴⁵ c ɔ ŋm ²¹ |
| RAW | LIFE | s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ | k uː k ²¹² s ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| WHEEL | RUDDER | ɓ a n ⁴⁵ | ɓ a n ⁴⁵ l aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| STONE | SLING | ɗ aː ⁴⁵ | n aː ⁴⁵ ɓ a ŋ ⁴⁵ ɗ aː ⁴⁵ |
| BOAT | SHIP | t au̯ ²¹ | t au̯ ²¹ tʰ ui̯ ²¹⁴ |
| SHIVER | SHAKE | r u ŋm ³³ | l aː m ²¹ r u ŋm ³³ |
| TWO | MONDAY | h aːi̯ ³³ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ h aːi̯ ³³ |
| FIVE | THURSDAY | n a m ³³ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ n a m ³³ |
| BRIGHT | LIGHT (RADIATION) | s aː ŋ ⁴⁵ | ʔ a n ⁴⁵ s aː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| CARRY | PREGNANT | m aː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ⁴⁵ m aː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | CALF | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | ɓ ɔː ²¹ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | FOAL | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | ŋ ɨə ²¹² k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| FINISH | END (OF TIME) | k əː t ⁴⁵ tʰ u kp ⁴⁵ | s ɨ ²¹² k əː t ⁴⁵ tʰ u kp ⁴⁵ |
| TREE STUMP | TREE TRUNK | g ɔ kp ⁴⁵ | g ɔ kp ⁴⁵ k əi̯ ³³ |
| JAW | MOLAR TOOTH | h aː m ²¹ | r a ŋ ³³ h aː m ²¹ |
| NECK | ANKLE | k oː ²¹⁴ | k oː ²¹⁴ c ə ŋ ³³ |
| TONGUE | FISHHOOK | l ɨːi̯ ²¹⁴ | l ɨːi̯ ²¹⁴ k əu̯ ³³ |
| THING | REMAINS | ɗ oː ²¹ | ɗ oː ²¹ tʰ ɨə ²¹ |
| SAILCLOTH | MAST | ɓ uː m ²¹ | k o k ²¹² ɓ uː m ²¹ |
| SEVEN | SATURDAY | ɓ ai̯ ²¹⁴ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ ɓ ai̯ ²¹⁴ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ j əu̯ ³³ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ j əu̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CLOTH | LOOM | v aːi̯ ²¹⁴ | x u ŋm ³³ k ɨi̯ ²¹⁴ j əː t ²¹² v aːi̯ ²¹⁴ |
| SCRAPE | RAZOR | k aːu̯ ²¹² | j aːu̯ ³³ k aːu̯ ²¹² |
| THING | BEVERAGE | ɗ oː ²¹ | ɗ oː ²¹ ʔ uː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| THEY | CROWD | c u ŋm ⁴⁵ | w ə ŋ ²¹ c u ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| NIPPLE | UDDER | v u ⁴⁵ | ɓ əu̯ ²¹ v u ⁴⁵ |
| GIVE | TELL | c ɔː ³³ | c ɔː ³³ ɓ iː k ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | STEPDAUGHTER | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ r iː ŋ ³³ |
| STOMACH | WOMB | j aː ²¹² | j aː ²¹² k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | TOMORROW | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ m aːi̯ ³³ |
| FOWL | HEN | g aː ²¹ | g aː ²¹ m aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| FOWL | ROOSTER | g aː ²¹ | g aː ²¹ ʈ ɔ ŋm ⁴⁵ |
| FUR | FEATHER | l ɔ ŋm ³³ | l ɔ ŋm ³³ c i m ³³ |
| GO DOWN (DESCEND) | DROP (SOMETHING) | s uː ŋ ⁴⁵ | ɓ ɔː ²¹⁴ s uː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| MISPLACE | DISAPPEAR | m ə k ⁴⁵ | ɓ iː ŋ ⁴⁵ m ə k ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | DAUGHTER | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ g aːi̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | SON | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ ʈ aːi̯ ³³ |
| ARRIVE | APPROACH | ɗ əː n ⁴⁵ | ɗ əː n ⁴⁵ g ə ŋ ²¹ |
| HOUSE | RETURN HOME | ɲ aː ²¹ | v eː ²¹ ɲ aː ²¹ |
| KNEAD | DOUGH | ɲ aːu̯ ²¹ | ɓ o k ²¹² ɲ aːu̯ ²¹ |
| FLOWER | EARRING | hʷ aː ³³ | hʷ aː ³³ t aːi̯ ³³ |
| PROMISE | OATH | tʰ eː ²¹ | l əːi̯ ²¹ tʰ eː ²¹ |
| STATUE | IDOL | t ɨː ŋ ²¹² | tʰ ə ŋ ²¹ t ɨː ŋ ²¹² |
| DOWN | DROP (SOMETHING) | s uː ŋ ⁴⁵ | ɓ ɔː ²¹⁴ s uː ŋ ⁴⁵ |
| COME BACK | RETURN HOME | v eː ²¹ | v eː ²¹ ɲ aː ²¹ |
| ROW | PADDLE | c ɛːu̯ ²¹ | m aːi̯ ⁴⁵ c ɛːu̯ ²¹ |
| CROOKED | BEND | k ɔ ŋm ³³ | ʔ uː ŋ ⁴⁵ k ɔ ŋm ³³ |
| SWEAR | PERJURY | tʰ eː ²¹ | s ɨ ²¹² f aː ŋ ²¹⁴ ɓ oːi̯ ²¹² l əːi̯ ²¹ tʰ eː ²¹ |
| SING | SONG | h aː k ⁴⁵ | ɓ aːi̯ ²¹ h aː k ⁴⁵ |
| FORGIVE | ACQUIT | tʰ aː ³³ | tʰ aː ³³ ɓ ɔ ŋm ²¹⁴ |
| SIX | FRIDAY | s au̯ ⁴⁵ | ŋ ai̯ ²¹ tʰ ɨ ⁴⁵ s au̯ ⁴⁵ |
| CHILD (DESCENDANT) | RELATIVES | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | ɓ aː ²¹ k ɔː ŋ ³³ |
| EAR | TEMPLES | t aːi̯ ³³ | m aː ŋ ³³ t aːi̯ ³³ |
| BARLEY | OAT | m a t ²¹² | ʔ iː ŋ ⁴⁵ m a t ²¹² |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | SON-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ r eː ²¹⁴ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | SON-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | k ɔː ŋ ³³ | k ɔː ŋ ³³ r eː ²¹⁴ |
| GIVE BACK | ANSWER | ʈ aː ²¹⁴ | ʈ aː ²¹⁴ l əːi̯ ²¹ |
| GRAPE | VINE | ɲ ɔː ³³ | k əi̯ ³³ ɲ ɔː ³³ |
| FLOW | DRIP (EMIT LIQUID) | c ai̯ ²¹⁴ | c ai̯ ²¹⁴ ɲ ɔː ²¹⁴ j ɔː k ²¹² |
| DEITY | IDOL | tʰ ə ŋ ²¹ | tʰ ə ŋ ²¹ t ɨː ŋ ²¹² |