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Languages: Shan-24

Basic Data

ID Shan-24
Name Shan
Latitude 21.5995
Longitude 98.0342
Glottolog shan1277
Family Tai-Kadai
Dataset idssegmented
Concepts 1303
Forms 1489

Colexification Network

Colexification Table (647 instances found, see Colexification Table)

SourceTargetColexifierColexified
WATER WATERFALL n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ t o k ¹
MOTHER MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) m ɛː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴ pʰ oː ³
MOTHER MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) m ɛː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴ m eː ¹
MOTHER STEPMOTHER m ɛː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴ s ɨː p ²
FISH WHALE p aː ³ p aː ³ w aː n ³
NOSE NOSTRIL kʰ uː ¹ l a ŋ ³ h uː ¹ kʰ uː ¹ l a ŋ ³
HAND GLOVE m ɨː ¹ m oː ŋ ³ m ɨː ¹
FOOT FOOTPRINT t i n ³ h ɔː j ¹ t i n ³
KNIFE (FOR EATING) RAZOR m i t ⁴ m i t ⁴ tʰ aː ³ h oː ³
POTATO SWEET POTATO ʔ aː ² l uː ¹ m a n ¹ ʔ aː ² l uː ¹
SHOE SHOEMAKER s ɔ k ¹ t i n ³ k o n ¹ h e t ¹ s ɔ k ¹ t i n ³
DOOR DOORPOST pʰ a k ¹ t uː ³ s a w ³ pʰ a k ¹ t uː ³
ROOF THATCH l a ŋ ³ kʰ aː ¹ l a ŋ ³ kʰ aː ¹ m u ŋ ¹ t ɔː ŋ ³
GARDEN GARDEN-HOUSE s oː n ³ w aː n ⁴ s oː n ³
COME COME BACK m aː ¹ kʰ ɨ n ¹ m aː ¹
COME COME BACK m aː ¹ w aː j ² kʰ ɨ n ¹ m aː ¹
FOLLOW PURSUE c ɔː m ¹ l ɛ n ⁴ c ɔː m ¹
DOWN GO DOWN (DESCEND) t a ɨ ⁴ l o ŋ ¹ t a ɨ ⁴
HOOK FISHHOOK kʰ ɔː ³ kʰ ɔː ³ m e t ¹
TWO TWICE s ɔː ŋ ³ s ɔː ŋ ³ p ɔː k ⁴
THREE THREE TIMES s aː m ³ s aː m ³ p ɔː k ⁴
FOUR SQUARE s iː ² s iː ² c e ŋ ²
FIVE FIFTEEN h aː ⁴ s i p ¹ h aː ⁴
TEN FIFTEEN s i p ¹ s i p ¹ h aː ⁴
DAY (NOT NIGHT) FRIDAY w a n ¹ w a n ¹ s u k ¹
DAY (NOT NIGHT) MONDAY w a n ¹ w a n ¹ c a n ³
DAY (NOT NIGHT) SATURDAY w a n ¹ w a n ¹ s a w ³
DAY (NOT NIGHT) SUNDAY w a n ¹ w a n ¹ ʔ aː ² t i t ⁵
DAY (NOT NIGHT) THURSDAY w a n ¹ w a n ¹ pʰ a ¹ l ɨ ⁴ h a t ¹
DAY (NOT NIGHT) TUESDAY w a n ¹ w a n ¹ ʔ a ŋ ¹ k aː n ¹
DAY (NOT NIGHT) WEDNESDAY w a n ¹ w a n ¹ p u t ⁵
WATER BATHE n a m ⁵ ʔ aː p ² n a m ⁵
WATER DEW n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ n aː j ¹
WATER FLOWING BODY OF WATER n a m ⁵ m ɛː ⁴ n a m ⁵
WATER FLOWING BODY OF WATER n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ h o j ⁴
WATER HIGH TIDE n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ kʰ ɨ n ⁵
WATER HONEY n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
WATER ICE n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ k ɔː n ⁴
WATER OIL (ORGANIC SUBSTANCE) n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ m a n ¹
WOOD CARPENTER m a j ⁵ s a ² l aː ² h e t ¹ m a j ⁵
WOOD FRUIT m a j ⁵ m aː k ² m a j ⁵
WOOD MATCH m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ pʰ a j ¹ kʰ iː t ²
WOOD WALKING STICK m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ t a w ⁵
STONE REEF m aː k ² h i n ³ m aː k ² h i n ³ h aː ŋ ⁴ w o j ²
FIRE CHIMNEY pʰ a j ¹ p i a w ³ pʰ a j ¹
CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) BOY l u k ⁴ ʔ ɔː n ² l u k ⁴ ʔ ɔː n ² c aː j ¹
CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) GIRL l u k ⁴ ʔ ɔː n ² l u k ⁴ ʔ ɔː n ² j i n ¹
FATHER PARENTS ʔ uː ⁴ ʔ uː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴
MOTHER HEN m ɛː ⁴ k a j ² m ɛː ⁴
MOTHER PARENTS m ɛː ⁴ ʔ uː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴
ANIMAL FOWL s a t ¹ s a t ¹ m iː ¹ p iː k ²
ANIMAL LIVESTOCK s a t ¹ pʰ u ŋ ³ s a t ¹
DOG FOX m aː ³ m aː ³ l i n ³
CAT OWL m ɛː w ¹ n o k ⁵ k a w ⁵ t aː ³ m ɛː w ¹
SPIDER SPIDER WEB k o ŋ ² k aː w ³ j a j ¹ k o ŋ ² k aː w ³
BEE BEEHIVE pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴ h oː ŋ ¹ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
BEE BEESWAX pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴ kʰ iː ⁴ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
BEE HONEY pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴ n a m ⁵ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
HAIR (BODY) WOOL kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ k ɛ ⁵
BONE SPINE l u p ² l u p ² s a n ³ l a ŋ ³
TAIL RUDDER h aː ŋ ³ h aː ŋ ³ h əː ¹
BACK SPINE l a ŋ ³ l u p ² s a n ³ l a ŋ ³
HEAD HEART h oː ³ h oː ³ c a j ³
HEAD NIPPLE h oː ³ h oː ³ n o m ¹
EAR EARLOBE h uː ³ t ɔ ŋ ² h uː ³
EAR EARRING h uː ³ t ɔ ŋ ² h uː ³
EAR EARWAX h uː ³ kʰ iː ⁴ h uː ³
MOUTH LIP s o p ¹ h i m ¹ s o p ¹
FINGER TOE n i w ⁵ n i w ⁵ t i n ³
FINGERNAIL CLAW n e p ⁵ ʔ o ŋ ⁴ n e p ⁵
LEG UPPER LEG (THIGH) kʰ aː ³ ŋ a w ⁴ kʰ aː ³
LEG UPPER LEG (THIGH) kʰ aː ³ kʰ aː ³ ʔ ɔː n ²
FOOT SHOE t i n ³ s ɔ k ¹ t i n ³
FOOT SHOEMAKER t i n ³ k o n ¹ h e t ¹ s ɔ k ¹ t i n ³
FOOT STOCKING t i n ³ m oː ŋ ³ t i n ³
FOOT TOE t i n ³ n i w ⁵ t i n ³
FOOT TOE t i n ³ h oː ³ m ɛː ⁴ t i n ³
FEATHER WOOL kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ k ɛ ⁵
BREAST DRAW MILK n o m ¹ m iː p ² n o m ¹
BREAST NIPPLE n o m ¹ h oː ³ n o m ¹
SHIT (DEFECATE) BEESWAX kʰ iː ⁴ kʰ iː ⁴ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
SHIT (DEFECATE) EARWAX kʰ iː ⁴ kʰ iː ⁴ h uː ³
BAKE OVEN pʰ a w ³ tʰ aː ŋ ² pʰ a w ³
GRAPE WINE ʔ a ¹ ŋ u n ² l a w ⁴ m aː k ² ʔ a ¹ ŋ u n ²
ALCOHOL (FERMENTED DRINK) WINE l a w ⁴ l a w ⁴ m aː k ² ʔ a ¹ ŋ u n ²
EGG NIT kʰ a j ² kʰ a j ² h a w ³
EGG YOLK kʰ a j ² kʰ a j ² l ɛː ŋ ³
NEEDLE (FOR SEWING) PIN kʰ e m ³ kʰ e m ³ kʰ ɔː ³
DO WORK (LABOUR) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ k aː n ³
IRON BLACKSMITH l e k ¹ c a ŋ ⁴ l e k ¹
GLASS MIRROR m aː n ² m aː n ² c a m ⁴
FALL WATERFALL t o k ¹ n a m ⁵ t o k ¹
FALL WEST t o k ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ t o k ¹
ENTER UNDERSTAND kʰ a w ⁴ kʰ a w ⁴ c a ɨ ³
GIVE LEND p a n ³ p a n ³ k uː ⁴
BORROW LEND k uː ⁴ p a n ³ k uː ⁴
PLACE (POSITION) WHERE t iː ⁴ t iː ⁴ l a ɨ ³
TWO SECOND s ɔː ŋ ³ ʔ a n ³ m aː ¹ t iː ⁴ s ɔː ŋ ³
TWO TWELVE s ɔː ŋ ³ s i p ¹ s ɔː ŋ ³
THREE THIRD s aː m ³ ʔ a n ³ m aː ¹ t iː ⁴ s aː m ³
TEN ELEVEN s i p ¹ s i p ¹ ʔ e t ¹
TEN TWELVE s i p ¹ s i p ¹ s ɔː ŋ ³
EARLY BREAKFAST c a w ⁵ kʰ a w ⁴ c a w ⁵
WRONG FAULT pʰ i t ¹ pʰ i t ¹ p əː ŋ ⁴
FAULT MISTAKE pʰ i t ¹ p əː ŋ ⁴ t iː ⁴ pʰ i t ¹ p əː ŋ ⁴
COUNTRY CITIZEN m əː ŋ ¹ k o n ¹ m əː ŋ ¹
COUNTRY HEAVEN m əː ŋ ¹ m əː ŋ ¹ pʰ iː ³
FRIEND NEIGHBOUR t a j ¹ k ɔː ⁵ t a j ¹ k ɔː ⁵ w a n ⁴ l e w ³ k a n ³
SWEAR OATH t i k ⁴ tʰ aː n ² kʷ aː m ¹ t i k ⁴ tʰ aː n ²
DAY (NOT NIGHT) LUNCH w a n ¹ kʰ a w ⁴ w a n ¹
MAKE WORK (LABOUR) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ k aː n ³
HUSBAND FATHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) pʰ oː ³ p ɔː ⁴ pʰ oː ³
HUSBAND MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) pʰ oː ³ m ɛː ⁴ pʰ oː ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
BIRD HERON n o k ⁵ n o k ⁵ k aː ³ kʰ aː p ²
FISH FIN p aː ³ k ɨ ŋ ¹ p aː ³
FISH SCALE p aː ³ k e t ¹ p aː ³
SKIN PULL OFF (SKIN) n a ŋ ³ l ɔː k ⁴ n a ŋ ³
FINGER THUMB n i w ⁵ n i w ⁵ p u k ¹
LEATHER PULL OFF (SKIN) n a ŋ ³ l ɔː k ⁴ n a ŋ ³
WHEAT MAIZE kʰ a w ⁴ k aː p ² kʰ a w ⁴ k aː p ² kʰ ɛː ²
IRON ANVIL l e k ¹ t u m ³ p ɔ ⁵ l e k ¹
PAINT (PIGMENTS) PAINTING s iː ³ t aː ¹ s iː ³
COME BRING m aː ¹ ʔ ɔː n ³ m aː ¹
ROAD PATH t aː ŋ ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ p a j ³ t i n ³
DEBT OWE n iː ⁴ p e n ³ n iː ⁴
AFTERWARDS AFTERNOON w aː j ¹ w aː j ¹ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ t eː ŋ ⁴
BELOW OR UNDER GO DOWN (DESCEND) t a ɨ ⁴ l o ŋ ¹ t a ɨ ⁴
BELOW OR UNDER GO DOWN (DESCEND) t a ɨ ⁴ l o ŋ ¹ t a ɨ ⁴
HOLE NOSTRIL h uː ¹ h uː ¹ kʰ uː ¹ l a ŋ ³
EARLY DAWN c a w ⁵ m əː ⁴ c a w ⁵
COLOR PAINTING s iː ³ t aː ¹ s iː ³
HAND WRIST m ɨː ¹ kʰ ɔ p ⁴ m ɨː ¹
WATER SPRING (OF WATER) n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ p u ŋ ⁴
DAY (NOT NIGHT) SUN w a n ¹ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹
DAY (NOT NIGHT) SUN w a n ¹ l u k ⁴ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹
HAIR (BODY) FUR kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ s a t ¹
BREAST MILK n o m ¹ n a m ⁵ n o m ¹
OLD (AGED) OLD MAN tʰ a w ⁴ k o n ¹ c aː j ¹ tʰ a w ⁴
OLD (USED) OLD MAN tʰ a w ⁴ k o n ¹ c aː j ¹ tʰ a w ⁴
WE (INCLUSIVE) WE (EXCLUSIVE) h a w ¹ c u jː ¹ h a w ¹
WE (INCLUSIVE) WE (EXCLUSIVE) h a w ¹ c u jː ¹ h a w ¹
LEG LAME kʰ aː ³ kʰ aː ³ l uː ⁵
LEG LAME kʰ aː ³ kʰ aː ³ kʰ ɛ ⁵
DISH PLATE w aː n ² w aː n ² pʰ eː ³ l eː ¹
WOOD TREE m a j ⁵ t o n ⁴ m a j ⁵
SKY THUNDER pʰ aː ⁵ pʰ aː ⁵ l a ŋ ³
GO WALK kʷ aː ² j aː ŋ ⁴ kʷ aː ²
ONE HUNDRED n ɨ ŋ ⁴ p aː k ² n ɨ ŋ ⁴
ONE THOUSAND n ɨ ŋ ⁴ h eː ŋ ³ n ɨ ŋ ⁴
WATER SWIM n a m ⁵ l u j ¹ n a m ⁵
WATER WELL n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ p u ŋ ⁴
WOOD PINE m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ p j ɛː k ²
WIFE FATHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) m eː ¹ p ɔː ⁴ m eː ¹
WIFE MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) m eː ¹ m ɛː ⁴ m eː ¹
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ s aː w ³
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) SIBLING n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ s aː w ³
PIG BOAR (MALE PIG) m uː ³ m uː ³ tʰ əː n ² t oː ³ p ɔː ⁴
PIG SOW (FEMALE PIG) m uː ³ m uː ³ t oː ³ m ɛː ⁴
HAIR (BODY) HAIR (HEAD) kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ h oː ³
HEAD CARRY ON HEAD h oː ³ t aː ŋ ² h oː ³
HEAD HAIR (HEAD) h oː ³ kʰ o n ³ h oː ³
HEAD SKULL h oː ³ l u p ² h oː ³
MOUTH BEAK s o p ¹ h ɔː n ³ t a j ⁴ s o p ¹
TOOTH MOLAR TOOTH kʰ e w ⁴ kʰ e w ⁴ l oː ŋ ³
NECK COLLARBONE kʰ ɔː ¹ l u p ² kʰ aː ŋ ⁴ kʰ ɔː ¹
HOUSE HOST h əː n ¹ c a w ⁴ h əː n ¹
HOUSE MARRIED MAN h əː n ¹ p ɔː ⁴ h əː n ¹
IRON HELMET l e k ¹ m aː k ² h oː ³ l e k ¹
MIDDAY AFTERNOON k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ t eː ŋ ⁴ w aː j ¹ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ t eː ŋ ⁴
STINKING SMELL (STINK) m eː n ³ m eː n ³ ʔ aː j ³
FIRE FLAME pʰ a j ¹ p i a w ³ pʰ a j ¹
SKY CLOUD pʰ aː ⁵ pʰ aː ⁵ s a w ⁴
LOUSE NIT h a w ³ kʰ a j ² h a w ³
WATER MILK n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ n o m ¹
WATER DIVE n a m ⁵ l a m ³ n a m ⁵
WATER SPLASH n a m ⁵ j a m ¹ n a m ⁵
WIND FAN (OBJECT) l o m ¹ p a ŋ ² k aː ² l o m ¹
WIND STORM l o m ¹ l o m ¹ pʰ iː ³ h u ŋ ³
FEATHER EYELASH kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ t aː ³
HONEY MEAD n a m ⁵ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴ l a w ⁴ n a m ⁵ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
ALCOHOL (FERMENTED DRINK) MEAD l a w ⁴ l a w ⁴ n a m ⁵ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
GIVE ALLOW OR PERMIT p a n ³ p a n ³ ʔ a ² kʷʰ aː ŋ ⁵
GIVE BLESS p a n ³ p a n ³ kʷ aː m ¹ m a ŋ ² k a ² l aː ²
NEAR APPROACH c a m ³ kʰ a w ⁴ c a m ³
NEAR APPROACH c a m ³ c a m ³ tʰ ɨ ŋ ³
OLD (AGED) OLD WOMAN tʰ a w ⁴ j i ŋ ¹ tʰ a w ⁴
OLD (USED) OLD WOMAN tʰ a w ⁴ j i ŋ ¹ tʰ a w ⁴
SAY MUMBLE w aː ⁴ w aː ⁴ w iː ⁴
FIRE CHARCOAL pʰ a j ¹ tʰ aː n ² pʰ a j ¹
WATER JUG n a m ⁵ t a w ⁴ n a m ⁵
WATER WHIRLPOOL n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ p a n ²
WOOD OAK m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ n i m ³
SUN MIDDAY k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ t eː ŋ ⁴
MOTHER SOW (FEMALE PIG) m ɛː ⁴ m uː ³ t oː ³ m ɛː ⁴
SHEEP LAMB k ɛ ⁵ l u k ⁴ k ɛ ⁵
SHEEP LAMB k ɛ ⁵ n əː ⁵ k ɛ ⁵
SHEEP RAM k ɛ ⁵ k ɛ ⁵ t oː ³ p ɔː ⁴
GOAT MALE GOAT p ɛ ⁵ p ɛ ⁵ t oː ³ p ɔː ⁴
BIRD PARROT n o k ⁵ n o k ⁵ kʰ e w ³
FISH FISHERMAN p aː ³ k o n ¹ h aː ³ p aː ³
BONE RIB l u p ² l u p ² s iː ⁴ kʰ a ŋ ⁴
FACE VEIL n aː ⁴ pʰ aː ⁴ k a ŋ ⁴ n aː ⁴
EYE BLIND t aː ³ t aː ³ m ɔː t ²
EYE EYELID t aː ³ n a ŋ ³ t aː ³
EAR DEAF h uː ³ h uː ³ n oː k ²
HAND PALM OF HAND m ɨː ¹ pʰ aː ² m ɨː ¹
HEADGEAR HELMET m aː k ² h oː ³ m aː k ² h oː ³ l e k ¹
FORGE ANVIL p ɔ ⁵ l e k ¹ t u m ³ p ɔ ⁵ l e k ¹
MIDDLE MIDDAY k aː ŋ ³ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ t eː ŋ ⁴
CORNER SQUARE c e ŋ ² s iː ² c e ŋ ²
SALTY BRACKISH c e m ¹ ʔ a m ² c aː ŋ ³ ʔ a m ² c e m ¹
DIE KILL t aː j ³ ʔ a w ³ t aː j ³
HOUSE FAMILY h əː n ¹ n aː ⁴ h əː n ¹
NECK THROAT kʰ ɔː ¹ l a m ¹ kʰ ɔː ¹
SKY LIGHTNING pʰ aː ⁵ pʰ aː ⁵ m j ɛ p ⁴
SHORE LAND (DESCEND) pʰ a ŋ ² kʰ ɨ n ⁴ pʰ a ŋ ²
MOTHER PROSTITUTE m ɛː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴ m aː k ² l a m ³
SKIN EYELID n a ŋ ³ n a ŋ ³ t aː ³
HAIR (BODY) EYELASH kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ t aː ³
BONE COLLARBONE l u p ² l u p ² kʰ aː ŋ ⁴ kʰ ɔː ¹
BACK RETREAT l a ŋ ³ tʰ ɔː j ³ l a ŋ ³
HEAD PILLOW h oː ³ m ɔː n ³ h oː ³
EYE BLINK t aː ³ pʰ ɛ p ⁵ t aː ³
EYE EYELASH t aː ³ kʰ o n ³ t aː ³
NECK NAPE (OF NECK) kʰ ɔː ¹ ŋ a w ⁴ kʰ ɔː ¹
NECK NECKLACE kʰ ɔː ¹ s aː j ³ kʰ ɔː ¹
FOOT ANKLE t i n ³ kʰ ɔː ⁴ t i n ³
SPOON FORK c ɔ ⁵ c ɔ ⁵ s eː p ²
SPOON PITCHFORK c ɔ ⁵ c ɔ ⁵ ŋ ɛ m ⁴
LEATHER EYELID n a ŋ ³ n a ŋ ³ t aː ³
CANOE SHIP h əː ¹ h əː ¹ l oː ŋ ³
MONEY COIN ŋ ɨ n ¹ m e t ⁵ ŋ ɨ n ¹
MONEY WAGES ŋ ɨ n ¹ ŋ ɨ n ¹ l əː n ³
TWO PAIR s ɔː ŋ ³ s ɔː ŋ ³ ʔ a n ³
TIME FOR A LONG TIME pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ h ɨ ŋ ³
SCHOOL PUPIL (STUDENT) h o ŋ ¹ h eː n ¹ l uː k ⁴ ʔ ɔː n ² h o ŋ ¹ h eː n ¹
LIE DOWN BED n ɔː n ¹ k uː ² n ɔː n ¹
FIRE LIGHT (IGNITE) pʰ a j ¹ c a p ¹ pʰ a j ¹
FIRE LIGHT (IGNITE) pʰ a j ¹ c u t ² pʰ a j ¹
FIRE LIGHT (IGNITE) pʰ a j ¹ s a j ² pʰ a j ¹
BONE SHOULDERBLADE l u p ² l u p ² p iː k ² k a j ²
RIPE UNRIPE s u k ¹ ʔ a m ² s u k ¹
WATER SNOW n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ n aː j ¹
CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) BABY l u k ⁴ ʔ ɔː n ² l u k ⁴ ʔ ɔː n ² l ɛː ŋ ³
HUNGER FAMINE t ɔː ŋ ⁵ m a j ⁴ t ɔː ŋ ⁵ m a j ⁴ n aː ²
MAKE BEGET h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a ɨ ⁴ k əː t ²
DO BEGET h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a ɨ ⁴ k əː t ²
BORE STAB TO DEATH c iː ¹ c iː ¹ h uː ¹
GO GO OUT kʷ aː ² ʔ ɔː k ² kʷ aː ²
CHIN BEARD k aː ŋ ¹ m ɔː j ³ k aː ŋ ¹
WATER TEAR (OF EYE) n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ t aː ³
FIRE FIREPLACE pʰ a j ¹ pʰ iː ¹ pʰ a j ¹
FIRE FIREPLACE pʰ a j ¹ m u k ⁵ pʰ a j ¹
MOTHER MARRIED WOMAN m ɛː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴ h əː n ¹
MOTHER WOMAN m ɛː ⁴ m ɛː ⁴ j i ŋ ¹
FISH FRESHWATER EEL p aː ³ p aː ³ j eː n ²
BONE JAW l u p ² l u p ² k aː ŋ ¹
BONE SKULL l u p ² l u p ² h oː ³
EYE EYEBROW t aː ³ kʰ o n ³ t aː ³
PLACE (POSITION) PASTURE t iː ⁴ t iː ⁴ p ɔ j ² w oː ¹ kʷ aː j ¹
MANY MORE n a m ³ n a m ³ kʷ aː ²
BIG GROW j a ɨ ² c e w ¹ j a ɨ ²
LIE DOWN SLEEP n ɔː n ¹ n ɔː n ¹ l a p ¹
SKY BLUE pʰ aː ⁵ s iː ³ pʰ aː ⁵
FISH STINGRAY p aː ³ p aː ³ t ɛ p ¹
HEAD BALD h oː ³ h oː ³ k eː ŋ ⁴
FLOUR DOUGH pʰ ɔː ŋ ³ kʰ a w ⁴ pʰ ɔː ŋ ³ kʰ a w ⁴ l ɔː ¹ n a m ⁵
MAKE SING h e t ¹ h e t ¹ kʷ aː m ¹
DO SING h e t ¹ h e t ¹ kʷ aː m ¹
BUILD SING h e t ¹ h e t ¹ kʷ aː m ¹
GIVE PAY p a n ³ p a n ³ k aː ⁴
ARROW SLING k aː ŋ ² k aː ŋ ² kʷʰ a ⁵
WATER SPIT n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ l aː j ¹
TREE TREE STUMP t o n ⁴ m a j ⁵ ŋ a w ⁴ t o n ⁴ m a j ⁵
FIRE EMBERS pʰ a j ¹ tʰ aː n ² pʰ a j ¹
FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) YOUNG WOMAN m ɛː ⁴ j i ŋ ¹ m ɛː ⁴ j i ŋ ¹ s aː w ³
DIE CORPSE t aː j ³ t oː ³ t aː j ³
SILVER COIN ŋ ɨ n ¹ m e t ⁵ ŋ ɨ n ¹
SIMILAR SEEM m əː n ³ t oː j ¹ m əː n ³
GOOD GOOD LUCK l iː ³ c oː k ⁴ l iː ³
SALT SUGAR k əː ³ k əː ³ w aː n ³
SWEET SUGAR w aː n ³ k əː ³ w aː n ³
HORSE STALLION m aː ⁵ m aː ⁵ t oː ³ p ɔː ⁴
DOWN BELOW OR UNDER t a ɨ ⁴ pʰ aː j ² t a ɨ ⁴
MAKE BREAK (BREAKING) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a j ⁴ l ɛː w ³
MAKE BREAK (CLEAVE) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a j ⁴ l ɛː w ³
DO BREAK (BREAKING) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a j ⁴ l ɛː w ³
DO BREAK (CLEAVE) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a j ⁴ l ɛː w ³
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) COUSIN n ɔː ŋ ⁵ p iː ⁴ n ɔː ŋ ⁵
HEAD SHOULDER h oː ³ h oː ³ w aː ³
UP GO UP (ASCEND) n əː ³ kʰ ɨ n ⁴ n əː ³
BE ALIVE BREATHE c a ɨ ³ l o m ¹ tʰ o j ⁴ c a ɨ ³
WATER OCEAN n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ s a ² m u k ² t a ² l aː ² l oː ŋ ³
FIRE ARSON pʰ a j ¹ l a k ⁵ c u t ² pʰ a j ¹
FIRE EXTINGUISH pʰ a j ¹ m ɔː t ⁵ pʰ a j ¹
WOMAN YOUNG WOMAN m ɛː ⁴ j i ŋ ¹ m ɛː ⁴ j i ŋ ¹ s aː w ³
SHEEP EWE k ɛ ⁵ k ɛ ⁵ t oː ³ m ɛː ⁴
HORSE MARE m aː ⁵ m aː ⁵ t oː ³ m ɛː ⁴
STALLION FOAL m aː ⁵ t oː ³ p ɔː ⁴ l u k ⁴ m aː ⁵ t oː ³ p ɔː ⁴
BIRD SEAGULL n o k ⁵ n o k ⁵ n aː ŋ ¹ n oː n ¹
DOG WOLF m aː ³ m aː ³ h ɛ w ³
FISH GILL p aː ³ h əː k ² p aː ³
FISH SHARK p aː ³ p aː ³ s a ¹ l aː m ³
HEAD DANDRUFF h oː ³ kʰ iː ⁴ h oː ³
EYE TEAR (OF EYE) t aː ³ n a m ⁵ t aː ³
WAIST BELT ʔ ɛː w ³ s aː j ³ ʔ ɛː w ³
DIE DROWNED t aː j ³ c o m ³ n a m ⁵ t aː j ³
MEDICINE PHYSICIAN j aː ³ s a ² l aː ² m ɔː ³ j aː ³
POT PAN m ɔː ⁴ m ɔː ⁴ kʰ aː ŋ ³
SHOE BOOT s ɔ k ¹ t i n ³ s ɔ k ¹ t i n ³ ʔ oː t ²
DOOR ARCH pʰ a k ¹ t uː ³ w o ŋ ¹ m a j ⁵ pʰ a k ¹ t uː ³
IRON FORGE l e k ¹ p ɔ ⁵ l e k ¹
THING BOOTY kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ c oː n ³
SIT CHAIR n a ŋ ⁴ t a ŋ ² n a ŋ ⁴
GOOD BEAUTIFUL l iː ³ h aː ŋ ⁴ l iː ³
WRONG GUILTY pʰ i t ¹ j ɔː m ¹ pʰ i t ¹
YES CERTAIN c a ɨ ⁴ c ɨː ⁴ c a ɨ ⁴
YES NO c a ɨ ⁴ ʔ a m ² c a ɨ ⁴
WATER SWAMP n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ³
FIRE COOKHOUSE pʰ a j ¹ s ɔ ŋ ² pʰ a j ¹
BACK BEHIND l a ŋ ³ t aː ŋ ¹ l a ŋ ³
FEATHER EYEBROW kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ t aː ³
THRESH THRESHING-FLOOR p ɔː ⁵ kʰ a w ⁴ p aː ŋ ³ p ɔː ⁵ kʰ a w ⁴
BOAT PORT h əː ¹ t aː ⁴ h əː ¹
HORSE FOAL m aː ⁵ l u k ⁴ m aː ⁵
ONE TWENTY n ɨ ŋ ⁴ s aː w ¹ n ɨ ŋ ⁴
BACK ROOF l a ŋ ³ l a ŋ ³ kʰ aː ¹
CLOTH CLOTHES s əː ⁴ pʰ aː ⁴ n u ŋ ⁴ s əː ⁴ pʰ aː ⁴
DAY (NOT NIGHT) WEEK w a n ¹ c oː ⁴ c e t ¹ w a n ¹
WOOD BARK m a j ⁵ p əː k ² m a j ⁵
WOOD SAP m a j ⁵ j aː ŋ ³ m a j ⁵
MARRY MARRIAGE OR WEDDING k i n ³ kʰ ɛː k ² p ɔː j ¹ k i n ³ kʰ ɛː k ²
MOTHER ORPHAN m ɛː ⁴ l u k ⁴ ʔ a m ² m iː ¹ p ɔː ⁴ m iː ¹ m ɛː ⁴
HORSE MULE m aː ⁵ m aː ⁵ l ɔː ⁴
CHICKEN HEN k a j ² k a j ² m ɛː ⁴
CHICKEN ROOSTER k a j ² k a j ² t oː ³ p ɔː ⁴
BEE MEAD pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴ l a w ⁴ n a m ⁵ pʰ ɨ ŋ ⁴
FOOT HEEL t i n ³ s o n ⁴ t i n ³
BREAST UDDER n o m ¹ t a w ⁴ n o m ¹
EAT FOOD k iː n ³ kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ k iː n ³
CRAWL CLIMB k aː n ¹ k aː n ¹ kʰ ɨ n ⁴
THING FOOD kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ k iː n ³
SOUND OR NOISE LOUD s eː ŋ ³ s eː ŋ ³ l a ŋ ³
ADMIT DENY j ɔː m ¹ h a p ⁵ ʔ a m ² j ɔː m ¹ h a p ⁵
WATER DITCH n a m ⁵ h ɔ ŋ ⁴ n a m ⁵
WATER SOUP n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ pʰ a k ¹
WOOD RAFTER m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ l a t ¹ c ɔː m ³
HEAD HEADBAND OR HEADDRESS h oː ³ pʰ aː ⁴ kʰ eː n ¹ h oː ³
HEAD KNEE h oː ³ h oː ³ kʰ a w ²
HEAD RAZOR h oː ³ m i t ⁴ tʰ aː ³ h oː ³
FEATHER FUR kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ s a t ¹
FEATHER HAIR (HEAD) kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ h oː ³
BUTTOCKS HIP k o n ⁴ k u m ² k o n ⁴
PENIS PUBIC HAIR kʷ a j ¹ m ɔː j ³ kʷ a j ¹
SEASON AUTUMN kʰ aː w ¹ kʰ aː w ¹ w a ɨ ³ m a j ⁵ h oː ŋ ⁴
SEASON SPRINGTIME kʰ aː w ¹ kʰ aː w ¹ w a ɨ ³ m a j ⁵ ʔ ɔː k ²
SEASON SUMMER kʰ aː w ¹ kʰ aː w ¹ m a j ⁴
SEASON WINTER kʰ aː w ¹ kʰ aː w ¹ k a t ¹
COLD WINTER k a t ¹ kʰ aː w ¹ k a t ¹
GOOD HEALTHY l iː ³ t oː ³ c a ɨ ³ j a ŋ ¹ l iː ³
WRONG CONVICT pʰ i t ¹ t a t ¹ s i n ³ w aː ⁴ m iː ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ pʰ i t ¹
FLESH MEAT n əː ⁵ n əː ⁵ s a t ¹
CATTLE HERDSMAN w oː ¹ kʷ aː j ¹ k o n ¹ l eː ŋ ⁵ w oː ¹ kʷ aː j ¹
BODY CORPSE t oː ³ t oː ³ t aː j ³
REMAIN DWELL (LIVE, RESIDE) j uː ² j uː ² p ɨ ŋ ⁴
PAIN DAMAGE OR INJURE c e p ¹ m aː t ² c e p ¹
BIRD DOVE n o k ⁵ n o k ⁵ t uː ⁴
WATER LAGOON n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ c e m ¹
SKY WORLD pʰ aː ⁵ l u m ² pʰ aː ⁵
EAGLE HAWK h u ŋ ⁵ h u ŋ ⁵ j e w ⁴
FISH DOLPHIN p aː ³ p aː ³ l oː ¹ m aː ¹
ROPE CHAIN c əː k ⁴ c əː k ⁴ l e k ¹
EARLY MORNING c a w ⁵ pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ c a w ⁵
TIE UNTIE m a t ⁵ k ɛː ⁴ m a t ⁵
ASK (REQUEST) BORROW j ɔː n ¹ j ɔː n ¹ h i m ³
FOOT PATH t i n ³ t aː ŋ ¹ p a j ³ t i n ³
WOOD BAMBOO m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ pʰ a j ²
WOOD POST m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ s a w ³
WOOD POST m a j ⁵ m a j ⁵ k aː n ¹
WOOD TREE STUMP m a j ⁵ ŋ a w ⁴ t o n ⁴ m a j ⁵
WIND WEATHER l o m ¹ pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ pʰ o n ³ l o m ¹
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) p iː ⁴ p iː ⁴ ʔ aː j ⁴
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) n ɔː ŋ ⁵ n ɔː ŋ ⁵ c aː j ¹
SHEEP WOOL k ɛ ⁵ kʰ o n ³ k ɛ ⁵
NECK GOITER kʰ ɔː ¹ kʰ ɔː ¹ ʔ ɔː m ¹
HOUSE RIDGEPOLE h əː n ¹ c ɔː m ³ h əː n ¹
IRON SAW l e k ¹ l e k ¹ l əː ⁴
BOAT RUDDER h əː ¹ h aː ŋ ³ h əː ¹
SIDE BESIDE kʰ aː ŋ ⁴ t aː ŋ ¹ kʰ aː ŋ ⁴
GOOD BAD LUCK l iː ³ c oː k ⁴ ʔ a m ² l iː ³
BODY HEALTHY t oː ³ t oː ³ c a ɨ ³ j a ŋ ¹ l iː ³
HEAD CHIEFTAIN h oː ³ h oː ³ n aː ⁴
FACE IN FRONT OF n aː ⁴ t aː ŋ ¹ n aː ⁴
FACE RAG n aː ⁴ pʰ aː ⁴ c e t ⁵ n aː ⁴
EGG TESTICLES kʰ a j ² kʰ a j ² h a m ³
ADJUDICATE CONVICT t a t ¹ s i n ³ t a t ¹ s i n ³ w aː ⁴ m iː ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ pʰ i t ¹
MOTHER MARE m ɛː ⁴ m aː ⁵ t oː ³ m ɛː ⁴
BIRD OWL n o k ⁵ n o k ⁵ k a w ⁵ t aː ³ m ɛː w ¹
BACK LAST (FINAL) l a ŋ ³ ʔ a n ³ m aː ¹ t iː ⁴ l a ŋ ³
FACE FOREHEAD n aː ⁴ n aː ⁴ pʰ aː k ²
SILVER WAGES ŋ ɨ n ¹ ŋ ɨ n ¹ l əː n ³
RISE (MOVE UPWARDS) GO UP (ASCEND) kʰ ɨ n ⁴ kʰ ɨ n ⁴ n əː ³
RISE (MOVE UPWARDS) LAND (DESCEND) kʰ ɨ n ⁴ kʰ ɨ n ⁴ pʰ a ŋ ²
FLOW LADDER l a j ³ kʰ u n ⁴ l a j ³
FLOW LADDER l a j ³ c a n ⁵ kʰ u n ⁴ l a j ³
DEMON GHOST pʰ əː ⁵ pʰ əː ⁵ c u ŋ ⁴
WOOD FLOWER m a j ⁵ m ɔː k ² m a j ⁵
WOOD LEAF m a j ⁵ w a j ³ m a j ⁵
HEAD HEADGEAR h oː ³ m aː k ² h oː ³
DRINK FOOD k iː n ³ kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ k iː n ³
IRON CHAIN l e k ¹ c əː k ⁴ l e k ¹
TAKE GET h a p ⁵ l a j ⁴ h a p ⁵
BOTTOM FLOOR t a ɨ ⁴ t iː ⁴ t a ɨ ⁴
SMALL YOUNG GOAT (KID) l e k ⁵ l u k ⁴ p ɛ ⁵ t oː ³ l e k ⁵
HOT SUMMER m a j ⁴ kʰ aː w ¹ m a j ⁴
DARE BRAVE h a t ¹ h a t ¹ h aː n ³
WATER KETTLE n a m ⁵ ŋ ɔː j ¹ t o m ⁴ n a m ⁵
SELL SHOP kʰ aː j ³ s u m ⁵ kʰ aː j ³
SALTY LAGOON c e m ¹ n a m ⁵ c e m ¹
SALTY LAGOON c e m ¹ ʔ ə ŋ ² n a m ⁵ c e m ¹
CHIN JAW k aː ŋ ¹ l u p ² k aː ŋ ¹
IRON NAIL (TOOL) l e k ¹ l e k ¹ m a j ² n aː ¹
COLOR DARK s iː ³ s iː ³ k ɛː ²
COLOR LIGHT (COLOR) s iː ³ s iː ³ ʔ ɔː n ²
COLOR LIGHT (COLOR) s iː ³ s iː ³ c aː ŋ ³
MAKE COOK (SOMETHING) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ kʰ a w ⁴ h e t ¹ pʰ a k ¹
DO COOK (SOMETHING) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ kʰ a w ⁴ h e t ¹ pʰ a k ¹
HAIR (BODY) EYEBROW kʰ o n ³ kʰ o n ³ t aː ³
BUILD WORK (LABOUR) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ k aː n ³
SUN AFTERNOON k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ c aː j ⁵
CATTLE CALF w oː ¹ kʷ aː j ¹ l u k ⁴ w oː ¹ kʷ aː j ¹
IRON CAST l e k ¹ l e k ¹ l ɔː ²
FOREST HUNT tʰ əː n ² l ɨ p ⁴ tʰ əː n ²
CURE PHYSICIAN j aː ³ s a ² l aː ² m ɔː ³ j aː ³
VEGETABLES SOUP pʰ a k ¹ n a m ⁵ pʰ a k ¹
COME ARRIVE m aː ¹ m aː ¹ tʰ ɨ ŋ ³
LEAD (GUIDE) BRING ʔ ɔː n ³ ʔ ɔː n ³ m aː ¹
BOAT ANCHOR h əː ¹ c a n ³ h əː ¹
ADJUDICATE JUDGE t a t ¹ s i n ³ pʰ uː ⁴ n a ŋ ⁴ l u m ¹ l oː ŋ ³ pʰ aː j ² t a t ¹ s i n ³
BUILD BEGET h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a ɨ ⁴ k əː t ²
BOAT SAIL h əː ¹ pʰ aː j ¹ h əː ¹
BE SILENT SILENCE j eː n ³ j eː n ³ c iː ⁴
HEAD TOE h oː ³ h oː ³ m ɛː ⁴ t i n ³
BE BORN BEGET k əː t ² h e t ¹ h a ɨ ⁴ k əː t ²
PAINT (PIGMENTS) DYE s iː ³ j ɔː m ⁵ s iː ³
LIFT PRAISE j u k ⁵ j u k ⁵ j ɔ ŋ ⁴
GIVE BACK COME BACK kʰ ɨ n ¹ kʰ ɨ n ¹ m aː ¹
GOOD UGLY l iː ³ l iː ³ c a ŋ ¹
WATER TROUGH n a m ⁵ l ɔ t ² n a m ⁵
BOAT SHIP h əː ¹ h əː ¹ l oː ŋ ³
ONE ONLY n ɨ ŋ ⁴ ʔ a n ³ n ɨ ŋ ⁴
TIME EVENING pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ kʰ a m ⁴
TIME MORNING pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ c a w ⁵
GOOD SICK l iː ³ ʔ a m ² j uː ² l iː ³
SKY BOLT (OF LIGHTNING) pʰ aː ⁵ pʰ aː ⁵ pʰ aː ²
TWIST WHIRLPOOL p a n ² n a m ⁵ p a n ²
PLACE (POSITION) FLOOR t iː ⁴ t iː ⁴ t a ɨ ⁴
SOUND OR NOISE VOICE s eː ŋ ³ s eː ŋ ³ h ɔː ŋ ⁵
DONKEY FOAL l aː ¹ l u k ⁴ l aː ¹
SHIVER EARTHQUAKE s a n ² pʰ ɛ n ² l i n ³ s a n ²
WATER CUP n a m ⁵ k ɔ k ¹ n a m ⁵
WATER POUR n a m ⁵ tʰ ɛː ŋ ⁴ n a m ⁵
MOON WAGES l əː n ³ ŋ ɨ n ¹ l əː n ³
FIRE LAMP pʰ a j ¹ h oː ŋ ¹ pʰ a j ¹
CATTLE PASTURE w oː ¹ kʷ aː j ¹ t iː ⁴ p ɔ j ² w oː ¹ kʷ aː j ¹
HORSE OAT m aː ⁵ kʰ a w ⁴ k j u ŋ ² m aː ⁵
DIE MURDER t aː j ³ ʔ a w ³ k a n ³ t aː j ³
UNRIPE GREEN kʰ e w ³ s iː ³ kʰ e w ³
HUNGER THIRST t ɔː ŋ ⁵ m a j ⁴ t ɔː ŋ ⁵ m a j ⁴ s a j ⁴ l əː t ² n aː ²
POT PIPE m ɔː ⁴ m ɔː ⁴ j aː ⁴
HOUSE LIZARD h əː n ¹ c ə ŋ ⁵ h əː n ¹
CUT (WITH AXE) BOLT (OF LIGHTNING) pʰ aː ² pʰ aː ⁵ pʰ aː ²
CHOP (INTO PIECES) BOLT (OF LIGHTNING) pʰ aː ² pʰ aː ⁵ pʰ aː ²
STAB TO DEATH AWL c iː ¹ h uː ¹ kʰ əː ŋ ⁴ c iː ¹ h uː ¹
PAINT (PIGMENTS) YELLOW s iː ³ s iː ³ l əː ŋ ³
RISE (MOVE UPWARDS) CLIMB kʰ ɨ n ⁴ k aː n ¹ kʰ ɨ n ⁴
ROAD EAST t aː ŋ ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ ʔ ɔː k ²
ROAD OUTSIDE t aː ŋ ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ n ɔː k ⁴
ROAD WEST t aː ŋ ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ t o k ¹
BOAT MAST h əː ¹ s a w ³ h əː ¹
BOAT SAILCLOTH h əː ¹ h əː ¹ pʰ aː ⁴ w a j ³
GIVE SHARE p a n ³ pʰ ɛː ³ p a n ³
PUT FORGIVE w aː ŋ ¹ w aː ŋ ¹ p ɔ j ²
MONTH WAGES l əː n ³ ŋ ɨ n ¹ l əː n ³
COLOR BLACK s iː ³ s iː ³ l a m ³
COLOR BLUE s iː ³ s iː ³ n a m ⁵ ŋ ɨ n ¹
COLOR BLUE s iː ³ s iː ³ pʰ aː ⁵
COLOR GREEN s iː ³ s iː ³ kʰ e w ³
COLOR WHITE s iː ³ s iː ³ kʰ aː w ³
COLOR YELLOW s iː ³ s iː ³ l əː ŋ ³
COUNTRY PEOPLE m əː ŋ ¹ k o n ¹ m əː ŋ ¹
ASK (REQUEST) CALL j ɔː n ¹ j ɔː n ¹ t aː ŋ ¹ c ɔː j ⁴
WATER RAINBOW n a m ⁵ h o ŋ ¹ h a j ¹ t o k ¹ k i n ³ n a m ⁵
WIND BREATH l o m ¹ l o m ¹ tʰ o j ⁴ c a ɨ ³
WIND BREATHE l o m ¹ l o m ¹ tʰ o j ⁴ c a ɨ ³
FACE STRANGER n aː ⁴ k o n ¹ p j ɛː k ² n aː ⁴
ROPE BRAID (VERB) OR WEAVE (BASKET) c əː k ⁴ pʰ a n ⁴ c əː k ⁴
BOAT OAR h əː ¹ k o n ¹ pʰ aː j ¹ h əː ¹
THING OWN kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ c a w ⁴ kʰ ɔ ŋ ³
PLACE (POSITION) ALTAR t iː ⁴ t iː ⁴ t aː ŋ ² m ɔː k ²
COLOR DYE s iː ³ j ɔː m ⁵ s iː ³
THINK (BELIEVE) IDEA w o n ⁵ t aː ŋ ¹ w o n ⁵
DEMON MAGICIAN pʰ iː ³ m ɔː ³ pʰ iː ³
DEMON MAGICIAN pʰ iː ³ s a ² l aː ² pʰ iː ³
DISH BOWL w aː n ² w aː n ² c a ² l u ŋ ²
SAUCER PLATE w aː n ² w aː n ² pʰ eː ³ l eː ¹
COTTON THREAD m a j ³ m a j ³ l aː j ⁴
PLACE (POSITION) DARKNESS t iː ⁴ t iː ⁴ l a p ¹ s i ŋ ²
BUILD COOK (SOMETHING) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ kʰ a w ⁴ h e t ¹ pʰ a k ¹
UP TOP t aː ŋ ¹ n əː ³ t aː ŋ ¹ n əː ³ s u t ¹
REMAIN REMAINS j uː ² l əː ³ j uː ²
TIME WEATHER pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ pʰ ɔː ŋ ¹ j aː m ¹ pʰ o n ³ l o m ¹
TAKE REFUSE h a p ⁵ ʔ a m ² j ɔː m ¹ h a p ⁵
BOTTOM BELOW OR UNDER t a ɨ ⁴ pʰ aː j ² t a ɨ ⁴
TAKE ADMIT h a p ⁵ j ɔː m ¹ h a p ⁵
THING CART kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ t əː k ⁴ s a ɨ ² kʰ ɔ ŋ ³
THING REMAINS kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ l əː ³
CROWD THEY c u m ¹ c u m ¹ kʰ a w ³
PINCH DRAW MILK m iː p ² m iː p ² n o m ¹
WET SPLASH j a m ¹ j a m ¹ n a m ⁵
HATE UGLY c a ŋ ¹ l iː ³ c a ŋ ¹
STUDY LEARN s ɔː n ³ s ɔː n ³ h uː ⁵
ASK (REQUEST) BEGGAR j ɔː n ¹ k o n ¹ j ɔː n ¹
WOOD BOW m a j ⁵ n aː ⁴ m a j ⁵
CLOTH DRESS s əː ⁴ pʰ aː ⁴ s əː ⁴ pʰ aː ⁴ pʰ uː ⁴ j i ŋ ¹
ANIMAL FUR s a t ¹ kʰ o n ³ s a t ¹
ANIMAL MEAT s a t ¹ n əː ⁵ s a t ¹
CHEST BREAST ʔ o k ¹ n aː ⁴ ʔ o k ¹
WALL (OF HOUSE) PRECIPICE pʰ aː ³ n aː ⁴ pʰ aː ³
DIG HOLLOW OUT kʰ u t ¹ kʰ u t ¹ ʔ ɔː k ²
TREE TRUNK BRANCH k i ŋ ² k i ŋ ² m a j ⁴
ENTER APPROACH kʰ a w ⁴ kʰ a w ⁴ c a m ³
GET ADMIT h a p ⁵ j ɔː m ¹ h a p ⁵
GET REFUSE h a p ⁵ ʔ a m ² j ɔː m ¹ h a p ⁵
THING BEVERAGE kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ kʰ ɔ ŋ ³ k i n ³
BOTTOM GO DOWN (DESCEND) t a ɨ ⁴ l o ŋ ¹ t a ɨ ⁴
WRITE PAINTING t j ɛː m ⁴ t j ɛː m ⁴ h aː ŋ ⁴
LIGHT (IGNITE) ARSON c u t ² pʰ a j ¹ l a k ⁵ c u t ² pʰ a j ¹
CANOE OAR h əː ¹ k o n ¹ pʰ aː j ¹ h əː ¹
MONTH MOON l əː n ³ p u ŋ ¹ p aː ŋ ¹ l əː n ³
WATER NASAL MUCUS (SNOT) n a m ⁵ n a m ⁵ kʰ iː ⁴ m uː k ⁴
ROW SAIL pʰ aː j ¹ pʰ aː j ¹ h əː ¹
CANOE ANCHOR h əː ¹ c a n ³ h əː ¹
BE ALIVE HAPPY c a ɨ ³ m oː n ⁴ s əː ¹ c a ɨ ³
ROAD LEAVE t aː ŋ ¹ ʔ ɔː k ² t aː ŋ ¹
CANOE PORT h əː ¹ t aː ⁴ h əː ¹
HAVE HOPE m iː ¹ m iː ¹ ʔ a ² tʰ aː ŋ ²
ROW PADDLE pʰ aː j ¹ k aː k ² pʰ aː j ¹
WIND FLUTE l o m ¹ p iː ² l o m ¹
DEMON IDOL pʰ iː ³ h aː ŋ ⁴ kʰ u n ³ pʰ iː ³
BELOW OR UNDER FLOOR t a ɨ ⁴ t iː ⁴ t a ɨ ⁴
BELOW OR UNDER FLOOR t a ɨ ⁴ t iː ⁴ t a ɨ ⁴
TEACH LEARN s ɔː n ³ s ɔː n ³ h uː ⁵
WOOD CARVE m a j ⁵ kʰ ɛ k ¹ m a j ⁵
CHILD (DESCENDANT) RELATIVES c əː ⁵ kʰ əː ¹ c əː ⁵ kʰ əː ¹ l i a w ³ k a n ³
OFTEN ALWAYS s eː ² s eː ² s eː ²
KNEAD THRESH n oː t ⁴ n oː t ⁴ kʰ a w ⁴
WATER ABSTAIN FROM FOOD n a m ⁵ ʔ a m ² k i n ³ kʰ a w ⁴ k i n ³ n a m ⁵
LIFE BREATHE c a ɨ ³ l o m ¹ tʰ o j ⁴ c a ɨ ³
BARLEY OAT kʰ a w ⁴ k j u ŋ ² kʰ a w ⁴ k j u ŋ ² m aː ⁵
BUILD BREAK (BREAKING) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a j ⁴ l ɛː w ³
BUILD BREAK (CLEAVE) h e t ¹ h e t ¹ h a j ⁴ l ɛː w ³
MIDDLE AFTERNOON k aː ŋ ³ k aː ŋ ³ w a n ¹ c aː j ⁵
ONE AGAIN n ɨ ŋ ⁴ tʰ ɛ ŋ ⁴ p ɔ k ⁴ n ɨ ŋ ⁴
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Last updated on 2026-05-11.
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