Languages: Dargwa-42
Basic Data
| ID | Dargwa-42 |
|---|---|
| Name | Dargwa |
| Latitude | 42.4257 |
| Longitude | 47.4388 |
| Glottolog | darg1241 |
| Family | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Dataset | idssegmented |
| Concepts | 1300 |
| Forms | 1792 |
Colexification Network
Colexification Table (480 instances found, see Colexification Table)
| Source | Target | Colexifier | Colexified |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAND | NATIVE COUNTRY | u l k a | w e ʕ l a u l k a |
| BOY | YOUNG MAN | d u r ɦ a | ʒ a h i l d u r ɦ a |
| FATHER | FATHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | d u d e ʃ | q u b e ʃ d u d e ʃ |
| FATHER | FATHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | d u d e ʃ | q u b e ʃ d u d e ʃ |
| MOTHER | GRANDMOTHER | a b a | x a l a a b a |
| MOTHER | GRANDMOTHER | n e ʃ | x a l a n e ʃ |
| MOTHER | MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | n e ʃ | q u b e ʃ n e ʃ |
| MOTHER | MOTHER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | n e ʃ | q u b e ʃ n e ʃ |
| MOTHER | STEPMOTHER | n e ʃ | u b a j n e ʃ |
| PARENTS | ANCESTORS | b e ʕ t i | x a l a b e ʕ t i |
| SON | GRANDSON | u r ʃ i | u r ʃ i l a u r ʃ i |
| SON | GRANDSON | u r ʃ i | r u r s i l a u r ʃ i |
| DAUGHTER | GRANDDAUGHTER | r u r s i | u r ʃ i l a r u r s i |
| DAUGHTER | GRANDDAUGHTER | r u r s i | r u r s i l a r u r s i |
| DAUGHTER | STEPDAUGHTER | r u r s i | u b a j r u r s i |
| DONKEY | MULE | e m ɦ e | e m ɦ e r u q |
| HAIR (HEAD) | PUBIC HAIR | ɣ e z | m a qʼ l a ɣ e z |
| NOSE | NOSTRIL | ɢ a n ɢ | ɢ a n ɢ l a tʼ e l i |
| PEPPER | CHILI PEPPER | i s i u t | cʼ a qʼ t i i s i u t |
| HOUSE | GARDEN-HOUSE | q a l i | u r g u b a l a q a l i |
| HOUSE | MEETING HOUSE | q a l i | m a ʒ l i s l a q a l i |
| ROOF | THATCH | q a l tʃ | b a l tʃ a l a q a l tʃ |
| TREE | TREE TRUNK | g a l g a | g a l g a l a a r |
| AXE | BATTLE-AXE | b a r d a | d a w i l a b a r d a |
| COUNTRY | NATIVE COUNTRY | u l k a | w e ʕ l a u l k a |
| FATHER | PARENTS | a d a | a d a a b a |
| FATHER | PARENTS | d u d e ʃ | n e ʃ d u d e ʃ |
| MOTHER | PARENTS | a b a | a d a a b a |
| MOTHER | PARENTS | n e ʃ | n e ʃ d u d e ʃ |
| ANIMAL | LIVESTOCK | ɦ a j w a n | ɦ a j w a n ɢ a tʃ a |
| SPIDER | SPIDER WEB | q i s q a | q i s q a l a d u ʃ i |
| BEE | BEEHIVE | m i r q i | m i r q i l a tʼ a qʼ a |
| BACK | SPINE | ɢ a ɢ | ɢ a ɢ l a tʃʼ a l a |
| EAR | EARLOBE | l i ɦ i | l i ɦ i l a x a r |
| EAR | EARWAX | l i ɦ i | l i ɦ i l a tʃʼ a m a tʼ u |
| FINGERNAIL | CLAW | n i k a | qʼ a ʃ l a n i k a |
| FAT (ORGANIC SUBSTANCE) | OIL (ORGANIC SUBSTANCE) | ʕ a w a d e ʃ | qʼ a r l a b u q a l a l a ʕ a w a d e ʃ |
| NEEDLE (FOR SEWING) | PIN | b u r e b a | k a l tʼ a n b u r e b a |
| NEEDLE (FOR SEWING) | PIN | b u r e b a | u r u s b u r e b a |
| DO | DESTROY | b i r e s | tʼ u tʼ u b i r e s |
| IRON | BLACKSMITH | m e h | m e h l a u s t a |
| SAILCLOTH | SAIL | j a l k a n | j a l k a n ɢ a ʔ a ɢ l i u w w a ʃ e s |
| GIVE | LEND | l u g e s | tʃ e b l a l i s d e d l u g e s |
| MORNING | BREAKFAST | s a w l i | s a w l i k u n |
| TOWN | CITIZEN | ʃ a h a r | ʃ a h a r l a a d a m |
| MAKE | DESTROY | b i r e s | tʼ u tʼ u b i r e s |
| WATER | SAP | ʃ i n | qʼ a r l a ʃ i n |
| TREE | BANANA TREE | g a l g a | b a n a nː a g a l g a |
| STONE | JEWEL | ɢ a r ɢ a | d u r q a s i ɢ a r ɢ a |
| LIGHT (RADIATION) | DAWN | ʃ a l a | ʃ a l a d i r k n i |
| LIGHT (RADIATION) | SHINE | ʃ a l a | ʃ a l a b i kʼ e s |
| SMOKE (EXHAUST) | SMOKE (INHALE) | g a w | t a n b a k u l a g a w |
| PERSON | CITIZEN | a d a m | ʃ a h a r l a a d a m |
| BOY | CONCEIVE | d u r ɦ a | d u r ɦ a i z e s |
| BOY | NEPHEW | u r ʃ i | u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| BOY | NEPHEW | u r ʃ i | r u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| GIRL | GRANDDAUGHTER | r u r s i | u r ʃ i l a r u r s i |
| GIRL | GRANDDAUGHTER | r u r s i | r u r s i l a r u r s i |
| GIRL | GRANDSON | r u r s i | r u r s i l a u r ʃ i |
| GIRL | NIECE | r u r s i | u z i l a r u r s i |
| GIRL | NIECE | r u r s i | r u z i l a r u r s i |
| GIRL | STEPDAUGHTER | r u r s i | u b a j r u r s i |
| SON | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | d u r ɦ a | d u r ɦ a l a x u n u l |
| SON | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | d u r ɦ a | d u r ɦ a l a x u n u l |
| SON | GRANDDAUGHTER | u r ʃ i | u r ʃ i l a r u r s i |
| SON | STEPSON | u r ʃ i | u b a j u r ʃ i |
| DAUGHTER | GRANDSON | r u r s i | r u r s i l a u r ʃ i |
| DAUGHTER | NIECE | r u r s i | u z i l a r u r s i |
| DAUGHTER | NIECE | r u r s i | r u z i l a r u r s i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | MATERNAL UNCLE (MOTHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | PATERNAL UNCLE (FATHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | MATERNAL UNCLE (MOTHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | PATERNAL UNCLE (FATHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | MATERNAL UNCLE (MOTHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | PATERNAL UNCLE (FATHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | MATERNAL UNCLE (MOTHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | PATERNAL UNCLE (FATHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| SIBLING | OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| SIBLING | OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l u z i |
| SIBLING | PATERNAL UNCLE (FATHER'S BROTHER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a u z i |
| SIBLING | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| SIBLING | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| HEN | FOWL | ʕ a r ʕ a | ʕ a r ʕ a d a ɣ a |
| HEN | FOWL | ʕ a r ʕ a | ʕ a r ʕ a tʃʼ i kʼ a |
| BEE | WASP | m i r q i | ʃ a x a m i r q i |
| FROG | TURTLE | ʕ a tʼ a | w a ɢ tʃ e b ʕ a tʼ a |
| SKIN | SCALE | k a m | kʼ a pʼ r a r k a m |
| SKIN | SCALE | k a m | ʕ a n kʼ b a r k a m |
| FACE | TOWEL | d a ɦ | d a ɦ u ʃ k a n |
| FINGER | RING | tʼ u l | tʼ u l e k a |
| FINGER | THUMB | tʼ u l | x a l a tʼ u l |
| LEG | FOOT | qʼ a ʃ | b e kʼ qʼ a ʃ |
| SPOON | SHOULDERBLADE | qʼ u l s a | kʼ a tʼ a qʼ u l s a |
| LEATHER | SCALE | k a m | kʼ a pʼ r a r k a m |
| LEATHER | SCALE | k a m | ʕ a n kʼ b a r k a m |
| WHEAT | MAIZE | a n kʼ i | ɦ a ʒ l a n kʼ i |
| TOBACCO | SMOKE (INHALE) | t a n b a k u | t a n b a k u l a g a w |
| MAKE | END (OF TIME) | b i r e s | t a m a n b i r e s |
| MAKE | FORBID | b i r e s | ɢ a d a ɣ a b i r e s |
| MAKE | SPREAD OUT | b i r e s | tʼ i n tʼ b i r e s |
| DO | END (OF TIME) | b i r e s | t a m a n b i r e s |
| DO | FORBID | b i r e s | ɢ a d a ɣ a b i r e s |
| DO | SPREAD OUT | b i r e s | tʼ i n tʼ b i r e s |
| BORE | HOLLOW OUT | tʼ a r q i | tʼ a r q i b a l t e s |
| IRON | TIN OR TINPLATE | m e h | cʼ u b a m e h |
| GO | DRIVE | w a ʃ e s | a j i l i w a ʃ e s |
| LEAVE | SURRENDER | a r a ʃ e s | n a ɢ l a a r a ʃ e s |
| LEAVE | DIVE | a r a ʃ e s | ʃ i u d i a r a ʃ e s |
| GET | BORROW | s a j s e s | tʃ e b l a l i s s a j s e s |
| GIVE | ANSWER | l u g e s | ʒ a w a b l u g e s |
| DEBT | BORROW | tʃ e b l a | tʃ e b l a l i s s a j s e s |
| DEBT | LEND | tʃ e b l a | tʃ e b l a l i s d e d l u g e s |
| DEBT | OWE | tʃ e b l a | tʃ e b l a l i u w w i ʔ e s |
| HOLE | HOLLOW OUT | tʼ a r q i | tʼ a r q i b a l t e s |
| TIME | SEASON | z a m a n a | d u s l a z a m a n a |
| YEAR | SEASON | d u s | d u s l a z a m a n a |
| MIND | MAD | d a h r i | d a h r i a g a r |
| MIND | MAD | ʕ a qʼ l u | ʕ a qʼ l u a g a r |
| WORD | PROMISE | ɣ a j | ɣ a j b e d l u g e s |
| KING | QUEEN | p a tʃ a | p a tʃ a l a x u n u l |
| TRAP (PITFALL) | TRAP (CATCH) | tʼ i m qʼ | tʼ i m qʼ l i b u r c e s |
| COURT | ADJUDICATE | d i w a n | d i w a n b a r e s |
| COURT | ADJUDICATE | s u d | s u d b a r e s |
| ARM | ELBOW | n a ɢ | g a z a n a ɢ |
| SKIN | FUR | g u l i | ʒ a n i w a r l a g u l i |
| WATER | FLOAT | ʃ i n | ʃ i nː a tʃ e w k a d k u r tʼ i kʼ e s |
| BOY | GRANDDAUGHTER | u r ʃ i | u r ʃ i l a r u r s i |
| BOY | GRANDSON | u r ʃ i | u r ʃ i l a u r ʃ i |
| BOY | GRANDSON | u r ʃ i | r u r s i l a u r ʃ i |
| BOY | STEPSON | u r ʃ i | u b a j u r ʃ i |
| FATHER | GRANDFATHER | a d a | x a l a a d a |
| FATHER | GRANDFATHER | d u d e ʃ | x a l a d u d e ʃ |
| FATHER | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | d u d e ʃ | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| FATHER | PATERNAL UNCLE (FATHER'S BROTHER) | d u d e ʃ | d u d e ʃ l a u z i |
| MOTHER | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | n e ʃ | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| MOTHER | MATERNAL UNCLE (MOTHER'S BROTHER) | n e ʃ | n e ʃ l a u z i |
| MOTHER | PATERNAL UNCLE (FATHER'S BROTHER) | a b a | a b a w ʒ i |
| SON | NEPHEW | u r ʃ i | u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| SON | NEPHEW | u r ʃ i | r u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| SON | YOUNG MAN | d u r ɦ a | ʒ a h i l d u r ɦ a |
| DAUGHTER | YOUNG WOMAN | r u r s i | tʃ e x e r i r u r s i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | PATERNAL AUNT (FATHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | d u d e ʃ l a r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| LIVESTOCK | CATTLE | ɦ a j w a n t i | x a l a ɦ a j w a n t i |
| PIG | SOW (FEMALE PIG) | c u r a | b e m g l a c u r a |
| HEAD | CARRY ON HEAD | b e kʼ | b e kʼ l i tʃ i b b i x e s |
| HEAD | FOOT | b e kʼ | b e kʼ qʼ a ʃ |
| HEAD | SKULL | b e kʼ | b e kʼ l a w a qʼ a |
| TOOTH | MOLAR TOOTH | c u l a | qʼ a s i c u l a |
| TOOTH | MOLAR TOOTH | c u l a | q a j q a j l a c u l a |
| NECK | COLLAR | q a b | q a b cʼ a r i |
| ARM | CARRY IN HAND | n a ɢ | n a ɢ b a tʃ i b b i x e s |
| ARM | HAND | n a ɢ | b e kʼ n a ɢ |
| LEG | HEEL | qʼ a ʃ | l u tʼ i qʼ a ʃ |
| LEG | PATH | qʼ a ʃ | qʼ a ʃ l a d a qʼ |
| WING | FIN | d u k a l a | k u r tʼ l a d u k a l a |
| CLOTHES | TAILOR | p a l t a r | p a l t a r l a u s t a |
| HUT | MEETING HOUSE | q a l i | m a ʒ l i s l a q a l i |
| ROOM | MEETING HOUSE | q a l i | m a ʒ l i s l a q a l i |
| BARK | SCALE | k a m | kʼ a pʼ r a r k a m |
| BARK | SCALE | k a m | ʕ a n kʼ b a r k a m |
| MAKE | ASK (REQUEST) | b i r e s | t i l a d i b i r e s |
| MAKE | CHANGE | b i r e s | b a r s b i r e s |
| MAKE | CHEW | b i r e s | tʃʼ a m b i r e s |
| MAKE | DAMAGE OR INJURE | b i r e s | z a r a l b i r e s |
| MAKE | GIVE BACK | b i r e s | tʃ a r b i r e s |
| MAKE | SEPARATE | b i r e s | d e kʼ a r b i r e s |
| MAKE | SHAKE | b i r e s | h a kʼ a r b i r e s |
| MAKE | SHAKE | b i r e s | z e r z e r b i r e s |
| DO | ASK (REQUEST) | b i r e s | t i l a d i b i r e s |
| DO | CHANGE | b i r e s | b a r s b i r e s |
| DO | CHEW | b i r e s | tʃʼ a m b i r e s |
| DO | DAMAGE OR INJURE | b i r e s | z a r a l b i r e s |
| DO | GIVE BACK | b i r e s | tʃ a r b i r e s |
| DO | SEPARATE | b i r e s | d e kʼ a r b i r e s |
| DO | SHAKE | b i r e s | h a kʼ a r b i r e s |
| DO | SHAKE | b i r e s | z e r z e r b i r e s |
| IRON | HELMET | m e h | m e h l a qʼ a pʼ a |
| WALK | DRIVE | w a ʃ e s | a j i l i w a ʃ e s |
| WALK | FOLLOW | w a ʃ e s | ʕ e r ɣ i w a ʃ e s |
| WALK | RIDE | w a ʃ e s | m u r d a l i w a ʃ e s |
| GO | HUNT | w a ʃ e s | ʕ a j a r w a ʃ e s |
| CARRY | CARRY IN HAND | b i x e s | n a ɢ b a tʃ i b b i x e s |
| CARRY | CARRY ON HEAD | b i x e s | b e kʼ l i tʃ i b b i x e s |
| CARRY | CARRY ON SHOULDER | b i x e s | q u cʼ r u m a tʃ i b b i x e s |
| CARRY | CARRY UNDER ARM | b i x e s | d u k l a u b b i x e s |
| PRICE | PAY | b a h a | b a h a b e d l u g e s |
| EDGE | SHORE | d u b | d u b a k a r tʃʼ a |
| MIDDAY | AFTERNOON | ɦ e r i | ɦ e r i ʕ e r ɣ i |
| MIDDAY | DINNER (SUPPER) | ɦ e r i | ɦ e r i k u n |
| YEAR | AGE | d u s | d a r ʃ d u s |
| STINKING | SMELL (STINK) | g a ʕ | g a ʕ b i kʼ e s |
| DANGER | THREATEN | u r e x i | u r e x i b a l a q e s |
| WHY | BECAUSE | s e n | s e n kʼ u n |
| WHY | BECAUSE | s e n | s e n a ɦ j e nː u |
| VOICE | SOUND OR NOISE | tʼ a m a | tʼ a m a h a m a |
| WORD | MUTE | ɣ a j | ɣ a j ɦ e d a l a n |
| WORD | SPEAK | ɣ a j | ɣ a j i kʼ e s |
| WORD | SPEECH | ɣ a j | ɣ a j u q n i |
| WALK | HUNT | w a ʃ e s | ʕ a j a r w a ʃ e s |
| ARM | WRIST | n a ɢ | q a b n a ɢ |
| WIFE | MARRIED MAN | x u n u l | x u n u l k a r iː b s i |
| FATHER | STEPFATHER | d u d e ʃ | u b a j d u d e ʃ |
| SIBLING | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| SIBLING | MATERNAL AUNT (MOTHER'S SISTER) | r u z i | n e ʃ l a r u z i |
| SIBLING | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| SIBLING | OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| SIBLING | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| SIBLING | OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | x a l a l r u z i |
| SIBLING | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| SIBLING | YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| SIBLING | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| SIBLING | YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | r u z i | r i ʃ tʼ a l r u z i |
| BEARD | RAZOR | m u cʼ u r | m u cʼ u r l u ʕ a n |
| CLOTHES | ARMOUR | p a l t a r | u r ɣ a nː a p a l t a r |
| BEAT | POUND | w i r q e s | x u n kʼ a w i r q e s |
| STRIKE | POUND | w i r q e s | x u n kʼ a w i r q e s |
| GIVE | PROMISE | b e d l u g e s | ɣ a j b e d l u g e s |
| GIVE | PROMISE | l u g e s | ɣ a j b e d l u g e s |
| BEFORE | DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY | h a b | h a b i l b a r ɦ i |
| IN FRONT OF | DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY | h a b | h a b i l b a r ɦ i |
| GOOD LUCK | BAD LUCK | i ɣ b a r | i ɣ b a r a g r i |
| WHEN | NEVER | m u r t | m u r t kʼ a l |
| FACE | MIRROR | d a ɦ | d a ɦ i m cʼ a l a |
| PERSON | MALE PERSON | a d a m | m u r u l a d a m |
| FACE | VEIL | d a ɦ | d a ɦ kʼ a pʼ d i r a n |
| LEG | CENTIPEDE | qʼ a ʃ | d a r ʃ qʼ a ʃ |
| SIDE | RIB | ʃ a l i | ʃ a l i u r tʼ a l a |
| SALTY | BRACKISH | z u qʼ i s i | z u qʼ i z u qʼ i s i |
| BATTLE | BATTLE-AXE | d a w | d a w i l a b a r d a |
| HOUSE | FAMILY | q a l i | q a l i b a r g |
| SHORE | LAND (DESCEND) | d u b | d u b l i tʃ i u r xʷ a ɣ a m a r e s |
| GIRL | YOUNG WOMAN | r u r s i | tʃ e x e r i r u r s i |
| HAIR (BODY) | PUBIC HAIR | ɣ e z | m a qʼ l a ɣ e z |
| BONE | COLLARBONE | l i g a | q u cʼ a r l a l i g a |
| NECK | WRIST | q a b | q a b n a ɢ |
| BEAM | RAFTER | d u kʼ i | d e x d u kʼ i |
| FIELD | GARDEN-HOUSE | u r g u b a | u r g u b a l a q a l i |
| CATCH | TRAP (CATCH) | b u r c e s | tʼ i m qʼ l i b u r c e s |
| NIGHT | DINNER (SUPPER) | d u g i | d u g i k a n |
| SACRIFICE | ALTAR | qʼ u r b a n | qʼ u r b a n l u h u s i m e r |
| WIFE | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | x u n u l | d u r ɦ a l a x u n u l |
| WIFE | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | x u n u l | d u r ɦ a l a x u n u l |
| WIFE | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | x u n u l | m u r a u z i l a x u n u l |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF MAN) | x u n u l | d u r ɦ a l a x u n u l |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | x u n u l | d u r ɦ a l a x u n u l |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | DAUGHTER-IN-LAW (OF WOMAN) | x u n u l | m u r a u z i l a x u n u l |
| GO | FOLLOW | w a ʃ e s | ʕ e r ɣ i w a ʃ e s |
| EARTH (SOIL) | CULTIVATE | w a n z a | w a n z a b u z a q e s |
| CLOTH | COTTON | tʃʼ a n kʼ i | b a m b a l a tʃʼ a n kʼ i |
| CLOTH | WOOL | tʃʼ a n kʼ i | b a l a l a tʃʼ a n kʼ i |
| MAKE | ALLOW OR PERMIT | b i r e s | p u r b a n b i r e s |
| MAKE | ATTACK | b i r e s | h u ʒ u m b i r e s |
| MAKE | EXPLAIN | b i r e s | j a qʼ i n b i r e s |
| MAKE | HIDE (CONCEAL) | b i r e s | d i ʕ a n a b i r e s |
| MAKE | HINDER OR PREVENT | b i r e s | w a j b a r qʼ b i r e s |
| MAKE | KICK | b i r e s | z a n kʼ b i r e s |
| MAKE | PREACH | b i r e s | w a ʕ z a b i r e s |
| MAKE | PRESS | b i r e s | ʕ i n i b i r e s |
| MAKE | PRESS | b i r e s | ɣ a ʒ b i r e s |
| MAKE | ROLL | b i r e s | l a s b i r e s |
| MAKE | TWIST | b i r e s | l a s b i r e s |
| MAKE | WORSHIP | b i r e s | s u ʒ d a b i r e s |
| DO | ALLOW OR PERMIT | b i r e s | p u r b a n b i r e s |
| DO | ATTACK | b i r e s | h u ʒ u m b i r e s |
| DO | EXPLAIN | b i r e s | j a qʼ i n b i r e s |
| DO | HIDE (CONCEAL) | b i r e s | d i ʕ a n a b i r e s |
| DO | HINDER OR PREVENT | b i r e s | w a j b a r qʼ b i r e s |
| DO | KICK | b i r e s | z a n kʼ b i r e s |
| DO | PREACH | b i r e s | w a ʕ z a b i r e s |
| DO | PRESS | b i r e s | ʕ i n i b i r e s |
| DO | PRESS | b i r e s | ɣ a ʒ b i r e s |
| DO | ROLL | b i r e s | l a s b i r e s |
| DO | TWIST | b i r e s | l a s b i r e s |
| DO | WORSHIP | b i r e s | s u ʒ d a b i r e s |
| WHITE | TIN OR TINPLATE | cʼ u b a | cʼ u b a m e h |
| WHEN | ALWAYS | m u r t | m u r t a l r a |
| PERSON | WOMAN | a d a m | x u n u l a d a m |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | NEPHEW | u z i | u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | NEPHEW | u z i | u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | NEPHEW | u z i | u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | NEPHEW | u z i | u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | NIECE | r u z i | r u z i l a r u r s i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | NIECE | r u z i | r u z i l a r u r s i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | NIECE | r u z i | r u z i l a r u r s i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | NIECE | r u z i | r u z i l a r u r s i |
| BULL | OX | u n c | d u kʼ l a u n c |
| MANY | CROWD | d a q a l | d a q d a q a l |
| ARROW | BOW | u r g i | u r g i d e r g a |
| WOOD | BANANA TREE | g a l g a | b a n a nː a g a l g a |
| WIFE | MARRY | x u n u l | x u n u l k a r i ʕ e s |
| WIFE | QUEEN | x u n u l | p a tʃ a l a x u n u l |
| BOAR (MALE PIG) | SOW (FEMALE PIG) | c u r a | b e m g l a c u r a |
| HORSE | RIDE | j a b u | j a b u l i tʃ i a j i l i |
| WING | BAT | d u k a l a | j a r i d u k a l a |
| GO | RIDE | w a ʃ e s | m u r d a l i w a ʃ e s |
| GIVE | BETRAY | l u g e s | u wː e d l u g e s |
| GIVE | PAY | b e d l u g e s | b a h a b e d l u g e s |
| GIVE | PAY | l u g e s | b a h a b e d l u g e s |
| TOP | POINTED | q a r | q a r b u g a s i |
| POUR | CAST | k a r tʼ e s | ɢ a l i p k a r tʼ e s |
| WATER | WET | ʃ i n | ʃ i n kʼ a s i ɦ a b c s i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | COUSIN | u z i | u z i qʼ a r |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | NIECE | u z i | u z i l a r u r s i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | COUSIN | u z i | u z i qʼ a r |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | NIECE | u z i | u z i l a r u r s i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | COUSIN | u z i | u z i qʼ a r |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | NIECE | u z i | u z i l a r u r s i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | COUSIN | u z i | u z i qʼ a r |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | NIECE | u z i | u z i l a r u r s i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | COUSIN | r u z i | r u z i qʼ a r |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF MAN) | NEPHEW | r u z i | r u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | COUSIN | r u z i | r u z i qʼ a r |
| YOUNGER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | NEPHEW | r u z i | r u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | COUSIN | r u z i | r u z i qʼ a r |
| OLDER SISTER (OF MAN) | NEPHEW | r u z i | r u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | COUSIN | r u z i | r u z i qʼ a r |
| OLDER SISTER (OF WOMAN) | NEPHEW | r u z i | r u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| SIBLING | COUSIN | u z i | u z i qʼ a r |
| SIBLING | COUSIN | r u z i | r u z i qʼ a r |
| SIBLING | NEPHEW | u z i | u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| SIBLING | NEPHEW | r u z i | r u z i l a u r ʃ i |
| SIBLING | NIECE | u z i | u z i l a r u r s i |
| SIBLING | NIECE | r u z i | r u z i l a r u r s i |
| FOOD | COOKHOUSE | x u r e g | x u r e g k a r i |
| ROOM | GARDEN-HOUSE | q a l i | u r g u b a l a q a l i |
| SHARP | POINTED | b u g a s i | q a r b u g a s i |
| EARTH (SOIL) | ADOBE | ʕ a n ʒ i | ʕ a n ʒ i k e l p i tʃ l a b e l ʃ |
| FISH | SHARK | b a l i q | tʃ e b u l q a n b a l i q |
| MEAL | COOKHOUSE | x u r e g | x u r e g k a r i |
| LEATHER | FUR | g u l i | ʒ a n i w a r l a g u l i |
| SIDE | LEFT | ʃ a l i | a l ɣ a j ʃ a l i |
| SIDE | RIGHT | ʃ a l i | b a l u j ʃ a l i |
| BOY | CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | d u r ɦ a | m a r z l a d u r ɦ a |
| SON | CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | d u r ɦ a | m a r z l a d u r ɦ a |
| WIFE | WOMAN | x u n u l | x u n u l a d a m |
| WOOD | TREE TRUNK | g a l g a | g a l g a l a a r |
| SON | CONCEIVE | d u r ɦ a | d u r ɦ a i z e s |
| SON | PREGNANT | d u r ɦ a | d u r ɦ a l i s r a i b s i |
| CHICKEN | FOWL | tʃʼ i kʼ a | ʕ a r ʕ a tʃʼ i kʼ a |
| SUGAR | SUGAR CANE | tʃ a k a r | tʃ a k a r l a tʃʼ i ʕ a |
| CLAY | ADOBE | ʕ a n ʒ i | ʕ a n ʒ i k e l p i tʃ l a b e l ʃ |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | WOMAN | x u n u l | x u n u l a d a m |
| FRUIT | CITRUS FRUIT | cʼ e d e ʃ | c i t r u s l a cʼ e d e ʃ |
| MAKE | PUSH | b i r e s | ɢ u ʒ b i r e s |
| DO | PUSH | b i r e s | ɢ u ʒ b i r e s |
| MASTER | OWN | w e ʕ | w e ʕ i ʔ e s |
| HUSBAND | MALE PERSON | m u r u l | m u r u l a d a m |
| IDEA | THINK (REFLECT) | p i k r i | p i k r i ʔ i kʼ e s |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | RELATIVES | u z i | u z i u r ʃ i |
| YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | RELATIVES | u z i | u z i u r ʃ i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF MAN) | RELATIVES | u z i | u z i u r ʃ i |
| OLDER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | RELATIVES | u z i | u z i u r ʃ i |
| MAKE | PRESERVE | b i r e s | m a ɦ k a m b i r e s |
| DO | PRESERVE | b i r e s | m a ɦ k a m b i r e s |
| FAN (OBJECT) | FAN (ACTION) | w e j e r | w e j e r l i h i kʼ i kʼ e s |
| WALK | SAIL | w a ʃ e s | j a l k a n ɢ a ʔ a ɢ l i u w w a ʃ e s |
| BOTTOM | HEEL | l u tʼ i | l u tʼ i qʼ a ʃ |
| MONEY | FINE (PENALTY) | a r c | a r c l a ʕ a kʼ a |
| POST | MAST | tʼ a l | j a l k a nː a tʼ a l |
| MALE (OF ANIMAL) | MALE PERSON | m u r u l | m u r u l a d a m |
| IDEA | THINK (BELIEVE) | p i k r i | p i k r i ʔ i kʼ e s |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | MARRIED MAN | x u n u l | x u n u l k a r iː b s i |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | MARRY | x u n u l | x u n u l k a r i ʕ e s |
| SPADE | SHOULDERBLADE | kʼ a tʼ a | kʼ a tʼ a qʼ u l s a |
| DAY (NOT NIGHT) | DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY | b a r ɦ i | h a b i l b a r ɦ i |
| FLOWING BODY OF WATER | WATERFALL | tʃ a ɦ i | tʃ a ɦ tʃ a ɦ i |
| DO | DROP (SOMETHING) | b i r e s | kʼ a n tʼ b i r e s |
| LET GO OR SET FREE | SHIT (DEFECATE) | b a t i ʔ e s | ʕ e l a ʒ i ɦ b a t i ʔ e s |
| MAKE | DROP (SOMETHING) | b i r e s | kʼ a n tʼ b i r e s |
| GO | SAIL | w a ʃ e s | j a l k a n ɢ a ʔ a ɢ l i u w w a ʃ e s |
| SEIZE | TRAP (CATCH) | b u r c e s | tʼ i m qʼ l i b u r c e s |
| WITNESS | PERJURY | b i qʼ r i | ɢ a n a l a b i qʼ r i |
| WITNESS | PERJURY | b i qʼ r i | j a l ɣ a n b i qʼ r i |
| BOY | BABY | d u r ɦ a | n i ʔ l a d u r ɦ a |
| SON | BABY | d u r ɦ a | n i ʔ l a d u r ɦ a |
| PAINT (PIGMENTS) | DYE | r a n g | r a n g r u x e r |
| PAINT (PIGMENTS) | DYE | r u x e r | r a n g r u x e r |
| FEMALE (OF ANIMAL) | QUEEN | x u n u l | p a tʃ a l a x u n u l |
| WATER | TROUGH | ʃ i n | ʃ i n d i r i |
| COME | FOLLOW | w a ʃ e s | ʕ e r ɣ i w a ʃ e s |
| SCRAPE | PEEL | i ʃ q e s | u m u b i r e s i ʃ q e s |
| GRAPE | GRAPEVINE | tʼ u tʼ i | tʼ u tʼ i l a b u q |
| BOAT | CANOE | ɢ a j a ɢ | b u q a n a ɢ a j a ɢ |
| BRING | CARRY IN HAND | b i x e s | n a ɢ b a tʃ i b b i x e s |
| BRING | CARRY ON HEAD | b i x e s | b e kʼ l i tʃ i b b i x e s |
| JAW | MOLAR TOOTH | q a j q a j | q a j q a j l a c u l a |
| NECK | ANKLE | q a b | q a b qʼ a ʃ l a |
| PLACE (POSITION) | ALTAR | m e r | qʼ u r b a n l u h u s i m e r |
| PLACE (POSITION) | ALTAR | m e r | k i l a s a l a tʃ e r i kʼ l a m e r |
| COLOR | DYE | r a n g | r a n g r u x e r |
| BOTTOM | CHIN | u d i l a | m u cʼ u r l a u d i l a |
| SIBLING | RELATIVES | u z i | u z i u r ʃ i |
| HEAD | RULE | b e kʼ | b e kʼ d e ʃ d i r e s |
| SAILCLOTH | MAST | j a l k a n | j a l k a nː a tʼ a l |
| MONEY | SILVER | a r c | cʼ u b a r c |
| EXPENSIVE | JEWEL | d u r q a s i | d u r q a s i ɢ a r ɢ a |
| CLOTH | LOOM | tʃʼ a n kʼ i | tʃʼ a n kʼ i d u ʃ a n |
| CHEST | COLLARBONE | l i g a | q u cʼ a r l a l i g a |
| GET | HIRE OR RENT | s a j s e s | m a n z i lː i s s a j s e s |
| MAKE | ANSWER | b i r e s | ʒ a w a b b i r e s |
| DO | ANSWER | b i r e s | ʒ a w a b b i r e s |
| COME | STEAL | w a ʃ e s | q u l k n a d w a ʃ e s |
| HUT | FAMILY | q a l i | q a l i b a r g |
| MAKE | COVER | b i r e s | kʼ a pʼ b i r e s |
| DO | COVER | b i r e s | kʼ a pʼ b i r e s |
| STONE | STATUE | ɢ a r ɢ a | ɢ a r ɢ a l a s i p a t |
| HUT | GARDEN-HOUSE | q a l i | u r g u b a l a q a l i |
| PRAY | BLESS | u l g e s | ʕ a ɦ b u l g e s |
| BRING | CARRY ON SHOULDER | b i x e s | q u cʼ r u m a tʃ i b b i x e s |
| BRING | CARRY UNDER ARM | b i x e s | d u k l a u b b i x e s |
| SWIM | FLOAT | k u r tʼ i kʼ e s | ʃ i nː a tʃ e w k a d k u r tʼ i kʼ e s |
| WANT | DREAM (SOMETHING) | x u l | x u l i kʼ e s |
| INSECT | WASP | m i r q i | ʃ a x a m i r q i |
| UP | HANG UP | tʃ e b | tʃ e b a ɦ k a q e s |
| HEAD | TOP | b e kʼ | q a r b e kʼ |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF MAN) | w i ʃ tʼ a l | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| CHILD (YOUNG HUMAN) | YOUNGER BROTHER (OF WOMAN) | w i ʃ tʼ a l | w i ʃ tʼ a l u z i |
| PALM OF HAND | GLOVE | q a t | q a t l i k |
| MAKE | KEEP | b i r e s | m a ɦ k a m b i r e s |
| DO | KEEP | b i r e s | m a ɦ k a m b i r e s |
| EAR | TEMPLES | l i ɦ i | l i ɦ i ʃ kʼ a n |
| WHY | HOW | s e n | s e n s e n |
| BEARD | CHIN | m u cʼ u r | m u cʼ u r l a u d i l a |
| LEG | CLAW | qʼ a ʃ | qʼ a ʃ l a n i k a |
| MILK | BABY | n i ʔ | n i ʔ l a d u r ɦ a |